    {-# LANGUAGE BangPatterns #-}
    {-# LANGUAGE MagicHash #-}
    {-# OPTIONS_HADDOCK prune #-}
    {-# LANGUAGE Trustworthy #-}

    -- |
    -- Module      : Data.ByteString.Char8
    -- Copyright   : (c) Don Stewart 2006-2008
    --               (c) Duncan Coutts 2006-2011
    -- License     : BSD-style
    --
    -- Maintainer  : dons00@gmail.com, duncan@community.haskell.org
    -- Stability   : stable
    -- Portability : portable
    --
    -- Manipulate 'ByteString's using 'Char' operations. All Chars will be
    -- truncated to 8 bits. It can be expected that these functions will run
    -- at identical speeds to their 'Word8' equivalents in "Data.ByteString".
    --
    -- More specifically these byte strings are taken to be in the
    -- subset of Unicode covered by code points 0-255. This covers
    -- Unicode Basic Latin, Latin-1 Supplement and C0+C1 Controls.
    --
    -- See:
    --
    --  * <http://www.unicode.org/charts/>
    --
    --  * <http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0000.pdf>
    --
    --  * <http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf>
    --
    -- This module is intended to be imported @qualified@, to avoid name
    -- clashes with "Prelude" functions.  eg.
    --
    -- > import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as C
    --
    -- The Char8 interface to bytestrings provides an instance of IsString
    -- for the ByteString type, enabling you to use string literals, and
    -- have them implicitly packed to ByteStrings.
    -- Use @{-\# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings \#-}@ to enable this.
    --

    module Data.ByteString.Char8 (

            -- * The @ByteString@ type
            ByteString,

            -- * Introducing and eliminating 'ByteString's
            empty,
            singleton,
            pack,
            unpack,
            B.fromStrict,
            B.toStrict,

            -- * Basic interface
            cons,
            snoc,
            append,
            head,
            uncons,
            unsnoc,
            last,
            tail,
            init,
            null,
            length,

            -- * Transforming ByteStrings
            map,
            reverse,
            intersperse,
            intercalate,
            transpose,

            -- * Reducing 'ByteString's (folds)
            foldl,
            foldl',
            foldl1,
            foldl1',

            foldr,
            foldr',
            foldr1,
            foldr1',

            -- ** Special folds
            concat,
            concatMap,
            any,
            all,
            maximum,
            minimum,

            -- * Building ByteStrings
            -- ** Scans
            scanl,
            scanl1,
            scanr,
            scanr1,

            -- ** Accumulating maps
            mapAccumL,
            mapAccumR,

            -- ** Generating and unfolding ByteStrings
            replicate,
            unfoldr,
            unfoldrN,

            -- * Substrings

            -- ** Breaking strings
            take,
            takeEnd,
            drop,
            dropEnd,
            splitAt,
            takeWhile,
            takeWhileEnd,
            dropWhile,
            dropWhileEnd,
            dropSpace,
            span,
            spanEnd,
            break,
            breakEnd,
            group,
            groupBy,
            inits,
            tails,
            initsNE,
            tailsNE,
            strip,
            stripPrefix,
            stripSuffix,

            -- ** Breaking into many substrings
            split,
            splitWith,

            -- ** Breaking into lines and words
            lines,
            words,
            unlines,
            unwords,

            -- * Predicates
            isPrefixOf,
            isSuffixOf,
            isInfixOf,

            -- ** Search for arbitrary substrings
            breakSubstring,

            -- * Searching ByteStrings

            -- ** Searching by equality
            elem,
            notElem,

            -- ** Searching with a predicate
            find,
            filter,
            partition,

            -- * Indexing ByteStrings
            index,
            indexMaybe,
            (!?),
            elemIndex,
            elemIndices,
            elemIndexEnd,
            findIndex,
            findIndices,
            findIndexEnd,
            count,

            -- * Zipping and unzipping ByteStrings
            zip,
            zipWith,
            packZipWith,
            unzip,

            -- * Ordered ByteStrings
            sort,

            -- * Reading from ByteStrings
            readInt,
            readInteger,

            -- * Low level CString conversions

            -- ** Copying ByteStrings
            copy,

            -- ** Packing CStrings and pointers
            packCString,
            packCStringLen,

            -- ** Using ByteStrings as CStrings
            useAsCString,
            useAsCStringLen,

            -- * I\/O with 'ByteString's
            -- | ByteString I/O uses binary mode, without any character decoding
            -- or newline conversion. The fact that it does not respect the Handle
            -- newline mode is considered a flaw and may be changed in a future version.

            -- ** Standard input and output
            getLine,
            getContents,
            putStr,
            putStrLn,
            interact,

            -- ** Files
            readFile,
            writeFile,
            appendFile,
    --      mmapFile,

            -- ** I\/O with Handles
            hGetLine,
            hGetContents,
            hGet,
            hGetSome,
            hGetNonBlocking,
            hPut,
            hPutNonBlocking,
            hPutStr,
            hPutStrLn,

      ) where

    import qualified Prelude as P
    import Prelude hiding           (reverse,head,tail,last,init,Foldable(..)
                                    ,map,lines,unlines
                                    ,concat,any,take,drop,splitAt,takeWhile
                                    ,dropWhile,span,break,filter,unwords
                                    ,words,all,concatMap
                                    ,scanl,scanl1,scanr,scanr1
                                    ,appendFile,readFile,writeFile
                                    ,replicate
                                    ,getContents,getLine,putStr,putStrLn,interact
                                    ,zip,zipWith,unzip,notElem)

    import qualified Data.ByteString as B
    import qualified Data.ByteString.Internal as B
    import qualified Data.ByteString.Unsafe as B

    -- Listy functions transparently exported
    import Data.ByteString (null,length,tail,init,append
                           ,inits,tails,initsNE,tailsNE,reverse,transpose
                           ,concat,take,takeEnd,drop,dropEnd,splitAt
                           ,intercalate,sort,isPrefixOf,isSuffixOf
                           ,isInfixOf,stripPrefix,stripSuffix
                           ,breakSubstring,copy,group

                           ,getLine, getContents, putStr, interact
                           ,readFile, writeFile, appendFile
                           ,hGetContents, hGet, hGetSome, hPut, hPutStr
                           ,hGetLine, hGetNonBlocking, hPutNonBlocking
                           ,packCString,packCStringLen
                           ,useAsCString,useAsCStringLen
                           )

    import Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

    import Data.Char    ( isSpace )
    -- See bytestring #70
    import GHC.Char (eqChar)
    import qualified Data.List as List

    import System.IO    (Handle,stdout)
    import Foreign

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    -- | /O(1)/ Convert a 'Char' into a 'ByteString'
    singleton :: Char -> ByteString
    singleton :: Char -> ByteString
    singleton = Word8 -> ByteString
    B.singleton (Word8 -> ByteString) -> (Char -> Word8) -> Char -> ByteString
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Char -> Word8
    c2w
    {-# INLINE singleton #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ Convert a 'String' into a 'ByteString'
    --
    -- For applications with large numbers of string literals, pack can be a
    -- bottleneck.
    pack :: String -> ByteString
    pack :: String -> ByteString
    pack = String -> ByteString
    packChars
    {-# INLINE pack #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ Converts a 'ByteString' to a 'String'.
    unpack :: ByteString -> [Char]
    unpack :: ByteString -> String
    unpack = ByteString -> String
    B.unpackChars
    {-# INLINE unpack #-}

    infixr 5 `cons` --same as list (:)
    infixl 5 `snoc`

    -- | /O(n)/ 'cons' is analogous to (:) for lists, but of different
    -- complexity, as it requires a memcpy.
    cons :: Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    cons :: Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    cons = Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.cons (Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString)
    -> (Char -> Word8) -> Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Char -> Word8
    c2w
    {-# INLINE cons #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ Append a Char to the end of a 'ByteString'. Similar to
    -- 'cons', this function performs a memcpy.
    snoc :: ByteString -> Char -> ByteString
    snoc :: ByteString -> Char -> ByteString
    snoc ByteString
    p = ByteString -> Word8 -> ByteString
    B.snoc ByteString
    p (Word8 -> ByteString) -> (Char -> Word8) -> Char -> ByteString
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Char -> Word8
    c2w
    {-# INLINE snoc #-}

    -- | /O(1)/ Extract the head and tail of a ByteString, returning Nothing
    -- if it is empty.
    uncons :: ByteString -> Maybe (Char, ByteString)
    uncons :: ByteString -> Maybe (Char, ByteString)
    uncons ByteString
    bs = case ByteString -> Maybe (Word8, ByteString)
    B.uncons ByteString
    bs of
                      Maybe (Word8, ByteString)
    Nothing -> Maybe (Char, ByteString)
    forall a. Maybe a
    Nothing
                      Just (Word8
    w, ByteString
    bs') -> (Char, ByteString) -> Maybe (Char, ByteString)
    forall a. a -> Maybe a
    Just (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    w, ByteString
    bs')
    {-# INLINE uncons #-}

    -- | /O(1)/ Extract the 'init' and 'last' of a ByteString, returning Nothing
    -- if it is empty.
    unsnoc :: ByteString -> Maybe (ByteString, Char)
    unsnoc :: ByteString -> Maybe (ByteString, Char)
    unsnoc ByteString
    bs = case ByteString -> Maybe (ByteString, Word8)
    B.unsnoc ByteString
    bs of
                      Maybe (ByteString, Word8)
    Nothing -> Maybe (ByteString, Char)
    forall a. Maybe a
    Nothing
                      Just (ByteString
    bs', Word8
    w) -> (ByteString, Char) -> Maybe (ByteString, Char)
    forall a. a -> Maybe a
    Just (ByteString
    bs', Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    w)
    {-# INLINE unsnoc #-}

    -- | /O(1)/ Extract the first element of a ByteString, which must be non-empty.
    head :: ByteString -> Char
    head :: ByteString -> Char
    head = Word8 -> Char
    w2c (Word8 -> Char) -> (ByteString -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Char
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . HasCallStack => ByteString -> Word8
    ByteString -> Word8
    B.head
    {-# INLINE head #-}

    -- | /O(1)/ Extract the last element of a packed string, which must be non-empty.
    last :: ByteString -> Char
    last :: ByteString -> Char
    last = Word8 -> Char
    w2c (Word8 -> Char) -> (ByteString -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Char
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . HasCallStack => ByteString -> Word8
    ByteString -> Word8
    B.last
    {-# INLINE last #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ 'map' @f xs@ is the ByteString obtained by applying @f@ to each element of @xs@
    map :: (Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    map :: (Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    map Char -> Char
    f = (Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.map (Char -> Word8
    c2w (Char -> Word8) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Word8
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Char -> Char
    f (Char -> Char) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Char
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE map #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ The 'intersperse' function takes a Char and a 'ByteString'
    -- and \`intersperses\' that Char between the elements of the
    -- 'ByteString'.  It is analogous to the intersperse function on Lists.
    intersperse :: Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    intersperse :: Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    intersperse = Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.intersperse (Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString)
    -> (Char -> Word8) -> Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Char -> Word8
    c2w
    {-# INLINE intersperse #-}

    -- | 'foldl', applied to a binary operator, a starting value (typically
    -- the left-identity of the operator), and a ByteString, reduces the
    -- ByteString using the binary operator, from left to right.
    foldl :: (a -> Char -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    foldl :: forall a. (a -> Char -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    foldl a -> Char -> a
    f = (a -> Word8 -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    forall a. (a -> Word8 -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    B.foldl (\a
    a Word8
    c -> a -> Char -> a
    f a
    a (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    c))
    {-# INLINE foldl #-}

    -- | 'foldl'' is like foldl, but strict in the accumulator.
    foldl' :: (a -> Char -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    foldl' :: forall a. (a -> Char -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    foldl' a -> Char -> a
    f = (a -> Word8 -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    forall a. (a -> Word8 -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    B.foldl' (\a
    a Word8
    c -> a -> Char -> a
    f a
    a (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    c))
    {-# INLINE foldl' #-}

    -- | 'foldr', applied to a binary operator, a starting value
    -- (typically the right-identity of the operator), and a packed string,
    -- reduces the packed string using the binary operator, from right to left.
    foldr :: (Char -> a -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    foldr :: forall a. (Char -> a -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    foldr Char -> a -> a
    f = (Word8 -> a -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    forall a. (Word8 -> a -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    B.foldr (Char -> a -> a
    f (Char -> a -> a) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> a -> a
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE foldr #-}

    -- | 'foldr'' is a strict variant of foldr
    foldr' :: (Char -> a -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    foldr' :: forall a. (Char -> a -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    foldr' Char -> a -> a
    f = (Word8 -> a -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    forall a. (Word8 -> a -> a) -> a -> ByteString -> a
    B.foldr' (Char -> a -> a
    f (Char -> a -> a) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> a -> a
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE foldr' #-}

    -- | 'foldl1' is a variant of 'foldl' that has no starting value
    -- argument, and thus must be applied to non-empty 'ByteString's.
    foldl1 :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> Char
    foldl1 :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> Char
    foldl1 Char -> Char -> Char
    f ByteString
    ps = Word8 -> Char
    w2c (HasCallStack => (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
    (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
    B.foldl1 (\Word8
    x Word8
    y -> Char -> Word8
    c2w (Char -> Char -> Char
    f (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    x) (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    y))) ByteString
    ps)
    {-# INLINE foldl1 #-}

    -- | A strict version of 'foldl1'
    foldl1' :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> Char
    foldl1' :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> Char
    foldl1' Char -> Char -> Char
    f ByteString
    ps = Word8 -> Char
    w2c (HasCallStack => (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
    (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
    B.foldl1' (\Word8
    x Word8
    y -> Char -> Word8
    c2w (Char -> Char -> Char
    f (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    x) (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    y))) ByteString
    ps)
    {-# INLINE foldl1' #-}

    -- | 'foldr1' is a variant of 'foldr' that has no starting value argument,
    -- and thus must be applied to non-empty 'ByteString's
    foldr1 :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> Char
    foldr1 :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> Char
    foldr1 Char -> Char -> Char
    f ByteString
    ps = Word8 -> Char
    w2c (HasCallStack => (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
    (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
    B.foldr1 (\Word8
    x Word8
    y -> Char -> Word8
    c2w (Char -> Char -> Char
    f (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    x) (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    y))) ByteString
    ps)
    {-# INLINE foldr1 #-}

    -- | A strict variant of foldr1
    foldr1' :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> Char
    foldr1' :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> Char
    foldr1' Char -> Char -> Char
    f ByteString
    ps = Word8 -> Char
    w2c (HasCallStack => (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
    (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Word8
    B.foldr1' (\Word8
    x Word8
    y -> Char -> Word8
    c2w (Char -> Char -> Char
    f (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    x) (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    y))) ByteString
    ps)
    {-# INLINE foldr1' #-}

    -- | Map a function over a 'ByteString' and concatenate the results
    concatMap :: (Char -> ByteString) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    concatMap :: (Char -> ByteString) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    concatMap Char -> ByteString
    f = (Word8 -> ByteString) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.concatMap (Char -> ByteString
    f (Char -> ByteString) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> ByteString
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE concatMap #-}

    -- | Applied to a predicate and a ByteString, 'any' determines if
    -- any element of the 'ByteString' satisfies the predicate.
    any :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Bool
    any :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Bool
    any Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Bool
    B.any (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE any #-}

    -- | Applied to a predicate and a 'ByteString', 'all' determines if
    -- all elements of the 'ByteString' satisfy the predicate.
    all :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Bool
    all :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Bool
    all Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Bool
    B.all (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE all #-}

    -- | 'maximum' returns the maximum value from a 'ByteString'
    maximum :: ByteString -> Char
    maximum :: ByteString -> Char
    maximum = Word8 -> Char
    w2c (Word8 -> Char) -> (ByteString -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Char
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . HasCallStack => ByteString -> Word8
    ByteString -> Word8
    B.maximum
    {-# INLINE maximum #-}

    -- | 'minimum' returns the minimum value from a 'ByteString'
    minimum :: ByteString -> Char
    minimum :: ByteString -> Char
    minimum = Word8 -> Char
    w2c (Word8 -> Char) -> (ByteString -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Char
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . HasCallStack => ByteString -> Word8
    ByteString -> Word8
    B.minimum
    {-# INLINE minimum #-}

    -- | The 'mapAccumL' function behaves like a combination of 'map' and
    -- 'foldl'; it applies a function to each element of a ByteString,
    -- passing an accumulating parameter from left to right, and returning a
    -- final value of this accumulator together with the new ByteString.
    mapAccumL :: (acc -> Char -> (acc, Char)) -> acc -> ByteString -> (acc, ByteString)
    mapAccumL :: forall acc.
    (acc -> Char -> (acc, Char))
    -> acc -> ByteString -> (acc, ByteString)
    mapAccumL acc -> Char -> (acc, Char)
    f = (acc -> Word8 -> (acc, Word8))
    -> acc -> ByteString -> (acc, ByteString)
    forall acc.
    (acc -> Word8 -> (acc, Word8))
    -> acc -> ByteString -> (acc, ByteString)
    B.mapAccumL (\acc
    acc Word8
    w -> case acc -> Char -> (acc, Char)
    f acc
    acc (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    w) of (acc
    acc', Char
    c) -> (acc
    acc', Char -> Word8
    c2w Char
    c))

    -- | The 'mapAccumR' function behaves like a combination of 'map' and
    -- 'foldr'; it applies a function to each element of a ByteString,
    -- passing an accumulating parameter from right to left, and returning a
    -- final value of this accumulator together with the new ByteString.
    mapAccumR :: (acc -> Char -> (acc, Char)) -> acc -> ByteString -> (acc, ByteString)
    mapAccumR :: forall acc.
    (acc -> Char -> (acc, Char))
    -> acc -> ByteString -> (acc, ByteString)
    mapAccumR acc -> Char -> (acc, Char)
    f = (acc -> Word8 -> (acc, Word8))
    -> acc -> ByteString -> (acc, ByteString)
    forall acc.
    (acc -> Word8 -> (acc, Word8))
    -> acc -> ByteString -> (acc, ByteString)
    B.mapAccumR (\acc
    acc Word8
    w -> case acc -> Char -> (acc, Char)
    f acc
    acc (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    w) of (acc
    acc', Char
    c) -> (acc
    acc', Char -> Word8
    c2w Char
    c))

    -- | 'scanl' is similar to 'foldl', but returns a list of successive
    -- reduced values from the left:
    --
    -- > scanl f z [x1, x2, ...] == [z, z `f` x1, (z `f` x1) `f` x2, ...]
    --
    -- Note that
    --
    -- > last (scanl f z xs) == foldl f z xs.
    scanl :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    scanl :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    scanl Char -> Char -> Char
    f Char
    z = (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.scanl (\Word8
    a Word8
    b -> Char -> Word8
    c2w (Char -> Char -> Char
    f (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    a) (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    b))) (Char -> Word8
    c2w Char
    z)

    -- | 'scanl1' is a variant of 'scanl' that has no starting value argument:
    --
    -- > scanl1 f [x1, x2, ...] == [x1, x1 `f` x2, ...]
    scanl1 :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    scanl1 :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    scanl1 Char -> Char -> Char
    f = (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.scanl1 (\Word8
    a Word8
    b -> Char -> Word8
    c2w (Char -> Char -> Char
    f (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    a) (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    b)))

    -- | scanr is the right-to-left dual of scanl.
    scanr :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    scanr :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    scanr Char -> Char -> Char
    f Char
    z = (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> Word8 -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.scanr (\Word8
    a Word8
    b -> Char -> Word8
    c2w (Char -> Char -> Char
    f (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    a) (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    b))) (Char -> Word8
    c2w Char
    z)

    -- | 'scanr1' is a variant of 'scanr' that has no starting value argument.
    scanr1 :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    scanr1 :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    scanr1 Char -> Char -> Char
    f = (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.scanr1 (\Word8
    a Word8
    b -> Char -> Word8
    c2w (Char -> Char -> Char
    f (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    a) (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    b)))

    -- | /O(n)/ 'replicate' @n x@ is a ByteString of length @n@ with @x@
    -- the value of every element. The following holds:
    --
    -- > replicate w c = unfoldr w (\u -> Just (u,u)) c
    --
    -- This implementation uses @memset(3)@
    replicate :: Int -> Char -> ByteString
    replicate :: Int -> Char -> ByteString
    replicate Int
    n = Int -> Word8 -> ByteString
    B.replicate Int
    n (Word8 -> ByteString) -> (Char -> Word8) -> Char -> ByteString
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Char -> Word8
    c2w
    {-# INLINE replicate #-}

    -- | /O(n)/, where /n/ is the length of the result.  The 'unfoldr'
    -- function is analogous to the List \'unfoldr\'.  'unfoldr' builds a
    -- ByteString from a seed value.  The function takes the element and
    -- returns 'Nothing' if it is done producing the ByteString or returns
    -- 'Just' @(a,b)@, in which case, @a@ is the next character in the string,
    -- and @b@ is the seed value for further production.
    --
    -- Examples:
    --
    -- > unfoldr (\x -> if x <= '9' then Just (x, succ x) else Nothing) '0' == "0123456789"
    unfoldr :: (a -> Maybe (Char, a)) -> a -> ByteString
    unfoldr :: forall a. (a -> Maybe (Char, a)) -> a -> ByteString
    unfoldr a -> Maybe (Char, a)
    f = (a -> Maybe (Word8, a)) -> a -> ByteString
    forall a. (a -> Maybe (Word8, a)) -> a -> ByteString
    B.unfoldr (((Char, a) -> (Word8, a)) -> Maybe (Char, a) -> Maybe (Word8, a)
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> Maybe b
    forall (f :: * -> *) a b. Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
    fmap (Char, a) -> (Word8, a)
    forall {b}. (Char, b) -> (Word8, b)
    k (Maybe (Char, a) -> Maybe (Word8, a))
    -> (a -> Maybe (Char, a)) -> a -> Maybe (Word8, a)
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . a -> Maybe (Char, a)
    f)
        where k :: (Char, b) -> (Word8, b)
    k (Char
    i, b
    j) = (Char -> Word8
    c2w Char
    i, b
    j)

    -- | /O(n)/ Like 'unfoldr', 'unfoldrN' builds a ByteString from a seed
    -- value.  However, the length of the result is limited by the first
    -- argument to 'unfoldrN'.  This function is more efficient than 'unfoldr'
    -- when the maximum length of the result is known.
    --
    -- The following equation relates 'unfoldrN' and 'unfoldr':
    --
    -- > unfoldrN n f s == take n (unfoldr f s)
    unfoldrN :: Int -> (a -> Maybe (Char, a)) -> a -> (ByteString, Maybe a)
    unfoldrN :: forall a.
    Int -> (a -> Maybe (Char, a)) -> a -> (ByteString, Maybe a)
    unfoldrN Int
    n a -> Maybe (Char, a)
    f = Int -> (a -> Maybe (Word8, a)) -> a -> (ByteString, Maybe a)
    forall a.
    Int -> (a -> Maybe (Word8, a)) -> a -> (ByteString, Maybe a)
    B.unfoldrN Int
    n (((Char, a) -> (Word8, a)
    forall {b}. (Char, b) -> (Word8, b)
    k ((Char, a) -> (Word8, a)) -> Maybe (Char, a) -> Maybe (Word8, a)
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> Maybe b
    forall (f :: * -> *) a b. Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
    `fmap`) (Maybe (Char, a) -> Maybe (Word8, a))
    -> (a -> Maybe (Char, a)) -> a -> Maybe (Word8, a)
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . a -> Maybe (Char, a)
    f)
        where k :: (Char, b) -> (Word8, b)
    k (Char
    i,b
    j) = (Char -> Word8
    c2w Char
    i, b
    j)
    {-# INLINE unfoldrN #-}

    -- | 'takeWhile', applied to a predicate @p@ and a ByteString @xs@,
    -- returns the longest prefix (possibly empty) of @xs@ of elements that
    -- satisfy @p@.
    takeWhile :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    takeWhile :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    takeWhile Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.takeWhile (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE takeWhile #-}

    -- | 'takeWhileEnd', applied to a predicate @p@ and a ByteString @xs@,
    -- returns the longest suffix (possibly empty) of @xs@ of elements that
    -- satisfy @p@.
    --
    -- @since 0.10.12.0
    takeWhileEnd :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    takeWhileEnd :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    takeWhileEnd Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.takeWhileEnd (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE takeWhileEnd #-}

    -- | 'dropWhile' @p xs@ returns the suffix remaining after 'takeWhile' @p xs@.
    dropWhile :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    dropWhile :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    dropWhile Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.dropWhile (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE [1] dropWhile #-}

    {-# RULES
    "ByteString specialise dropWhile isSpace -> dropSpace"
        dropWhile isSpace = dropSpace
      #-}

    -- | 'dropWhileEnd' @p xs@ returns the prefix remaining after 'takeWhileEnd' @p
    -- xs@.
    --
    -- @since 0.10.12.0
    dropWhileEnd :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    dropWhileEnd :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    dropWhileEnd Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.dropWhileEnd (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE dropWhileEnd #-}

    -- | 'break' @p@ is equivalent to @'span' ('not' . p)@.
    break :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    break :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    break Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    B.break (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE [1] break #-}

    -- See bytestring #70
    {-# RULES
    "ByteString specialise break (x==)" forall x.
        break (x `eqChar`) = breakChar x
    "ByteString specialise break (==x)" forall x.
        break (`eqChar` x) = breakChar x
      #-}

    -- INTERNAL:

    -- | 'breakChar' breaks its ByteString argument at the first occurrence
    -- of the specified char. It is more efficient than 'break' as it is
    -- implemented with @memchr(3)@. I.e.
    --
    -- > break (=='c') "abcd" == breakChar 'c' "abcd"
    --
    breakChar :: Char -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    breakChar :: Char -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    breakChar Char
    c ByteString
    p = case Char -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    elemIndex Char
    c ByteString
    p of
        Maybe Int
    Nothing -> (ByteString
    p,ByteString
    empty)
        Just Int
    n  -> (Int -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.unsafeTake Int
    n ByteString
    p, Int -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.unsafeDrop Int
    n ByteString
    p)
    {-# INLINE breakChar #-}

    -- | 'span' @p xs@ breaks the ByteString into two segments. It is
    -- equivalent to @('takeWhile' p xs, 'dropWhile' p xs)@
    span :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    span :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    span Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    B.span (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE span #-}

    -- | 'spanEnd' behaves like 'span' but from the end of the 'ByteString'.
    -- We have
    --
    -- > spanEnd (not.isSpace) "x y z" == ("x y ","z")
    --
    -- and
    --
    -- > spanEnd (not . isSpace) ps
    -- >    ==
    -- > let (x,y) = span (not.isSpace) (reverse ps) in (reverse y, reverse x)
    --
    spanEnd :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    spanEnd :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    spanEnd Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    B.spanEnd (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE spanEnd #-}

    -- | 'breakEnd' behaves like 'break' but from the end of the 'ByteString'
    --
    -- breakEnd p == spanEnd (not.p)
    breakEnd :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    breakEnd :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    breakEnd Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    B.breakEnd (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE breakEnd #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ Break a 'ByteString' into pieces separated by the byte
    -- argument, consuming the delimiter. I.e.
    --
    -- > split '\n' "a\nb\nd\ne" == ["a","b","d","e"]
    -- > split 'a'  "aXaXaXa"    == ["","X","X","X",""]
    -- > split 'x'  "x"          == ["",""]
    -- > split undefined ""      == []  -- and not [""]
    --
    -- and
    --
    -- > intercalate [c] . split c == id
    -- > split == splitWith . (==)
    --
    -- As for all splitting functions in this library, this function does
    -- not copy the substrings, it just constructs new 'ByteString's that
    -- are slices of the original.
    --
    split :: Char -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    split :: Char -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    split = Word8 -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    B.split (Word8 -> ByteString -> [ByteString])
    -> (Char -> Word8) -> Char -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Char -> Word8
    c2w
    {-# INLINE split #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ Splits a 'ByteString' into components delimited by
    -- separators, where the predicate returns True for a separator element.
    -- The resulting components do not contain the separators.  Two adjacent
    -- separators result in an empty component in the output.  eg.
    --
    -- > splitWith (=='a') "aabbaca" == ["","","bb","c",""]
    -- > splitWith undefined ""      == []  -- and not [""]
    --
    splitWith :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    splitWith :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    splitWith Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    B.splitWith (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE splitWith #-}
    -- the inline makes a big difference here.

    {-
    -- | Like 'splitWith', except that sequences of adjacent separators are
    -- treated as a single separator. eg.
    --
    -- > tokens (=='a') "aabbaca" == ["bb","c"]
    --
    tokens :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    tokens f = B.tokens (f . w2c)
    {-# INLINE tokens #-}
    -}

    -- | The 'groupBy' function is the non-overloaded version of 'group'.
    groupBy :: (Char -> Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    groupBy :: (Char -> Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    groupBy Char -> Char -> Bool
    k = (Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    B.groupBy (\Word8
    a Word8
    b -> Char -> Char -> Bool
    k (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    a) (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    b))

    -- | /O(1)/ 'ByteString' index (subscript) operator, starting from 0.
    index :: ByteString -> Int -> Char
    index :: ByteString -> Int -> Char
    index = (Word8 -> Char
    w2c (Word8 -> Char) -> (Int -> Word8) -> Int -> Char
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    .) ((Int -> Word8) -> Int -> Char)
    -> (ByteString -> Int -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Int -> Char
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . HasCallStack => ByteString -> Int -> Word8
    ByteString -> Int -> Word8
    B.index
    {-# INLINE index #-}

    -- | /O(1)/ 'ByteString' index, starting from 0, that returns 'Just' if:
    --
    -- > 0 <= n < length bs
    --
    -- @since 0.11.0.0
    indexMaybe :: ByteString -> Int -> Maybe Char
    indexMaybe :: ByteString -> Int -> Maybe Char
    indexMaybe = ((Word8 -> Char) -> Maybe Word8 -> Maybe Char
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> Maybe b
    forall (f :: * -> *) a b. Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
    fmap Word8 -> Char
    w2c (Maybe Word8 -> Maybe Char)
    -> (Int -> Maybe Word8) -> Int -> Maybe Char
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    .) ((Int -> Maybe Word8) -> Int -> Maybe Char)
    -> (ByteString -> Int -> Maybe Word8)
    -> ByteString
    -> Int
    -> Maybe Char
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . ByteString -> Int -> Maybe Word8
    B.indexMaybe
    {-# INLINE indexMaybe #-}

    -- | /O(1)/ 'ByteString' index, starting from 0, that returns 'Just' if:
    --
    -- > 0 <= n < length bs
    --
    -- @since 0.11.0.0
    (!?) :: ByteString -> Int -> Maybe Char
    !? :: ByteString -> Int -> Maybe Char
    (!?) = ByteString -> Int -> Maybe Char
    indexMaybe
    {-# INLINE (!?) #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ The 'elemIndex' function returns the index of the first
    -- element in the given 'ByteString' which is equal (by memchr) to the
    -- query element, or 'Nothing' if there is no such element.
    elemIndex :: Char -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    elemIndex :: Char -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    elemIndex = Word8 -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    B.elemIndex (Word8 -> ByteString -> Maybe Int)
    -> (Char -> Word8) -> Char -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Char -> Word8
    c2w
    {-# INLINE elemIndex #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ The 'elemIndexEnd' function returns the last index of the
    -- element in the given 'ByteString' which is equal to the query
    -- element, or 'Nothing' if there is no such element. The following
    -- holds:
    --
    -- > elemIndexEnd c xs = case elemIndex c (reverse xs) of
    -- >   Nothing -> Nothing
    -- >   Just i  -> Just (length xs - 1 - i)
    --
    elemIndexEnd :: Char -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    elemIndexEnd :: Char -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    elemIndexEnd = Word8 -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    B.elemIndexEnd (Word8 -> ByteString -> Maybe Int)
    -> (Char -> Word8) -> Char -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Char -> Word8
    c2w
    {-# INLINE elemIndexEnd #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ The 'elemIndices' function extends 'elemIndex', by returning
    -- the indices of all elements equal to the query element, in ascending order.
    elemIndices :: Char -> ByteString -> [Int]
    elemIndices :: Char -> ByteString -> [Int]
    elemIndices = Word8 -> ByteString -> [Int]
    B.elemIndices (Word8 -> ByteString -> [Int])
    -> (Char -> Word8) -> Char -> ByteString -> [Int]
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Char -> Word8
    c2w
    {-# INLINE elemIndices #-}

    -- | The 'findIndex' function takes a predicate and a 'ByteString' and
    -- returns the index of the first element in the ByteString satisfying the predicate.
    findIndex :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    findIndex :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    findIndex Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    B.findIndex (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE [1] findIndex #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ The 'findIndexEnd' function takes a predicate and a 'ByteString' and
    -- returns the index of the last element in the ByteString
    -- satisfying the predicate.
    --
    -- @since 0.11.1.0
    findIndexEnd :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    findIndexEnd :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    findIndexEnd Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    B.findIndexEnd (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE [1] findIndexEnd #-}

    -- | The 'findIndices' function extends 'findIndex', by returning the
    -- indices of all elements satisfying the predicate, in ascending order.
    findIndices :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [Int]
    findIndices :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [Int]
    findIndices Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [Int]
    B.findIndices (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE [1] findIndices #-}

    {-# RULES
    "ByteString specialise findIndex (x==)" forall x.
        findIndex (x `eqChar`) = elemIndex x
    "ByteString specialise findIndex (==x)" forall x.
        findIndex (`eqChar` x) = elemIndex x
    "ByteString specialise findIndices (x==)" forall x.
        findIndices (x `eqChar`) = elemIndices x
    "ByteString specialise findIndices (==x)" forall x.
        findIndices (`eqChar` x) = elemIndices x
      #-}

    -- | count returns the number of times its argument appears in the ByteString
    --
    -- > count = length . elemIndices
    --
    -- Also
    --
    -- > count '\n' == length . lines
    --
    -- But more efficiently than using length on the intermediate list.
    count :: Char -> ByteString -> Int
    count :: Char -> ByteString -> Int
    count Char
    c = Word8 -> ByteString -> Int
    B.count (Char -> Word8
    c2w Char
    c)

    -- | /O(n)/ 'elem' is the 'ByteString' membership predicate. This
    -- implementation uses @memchr(3)@.
    elem :: Char -> ByteString -> Bool
    elem :: Char -> ByteString -> Bool
    elem    Char
    c = Word8 -> ByteString -> Bool
    B.elem (Char -> Word8
    c2w Char
    c)
    {-# INLINE elem #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ 'notElem' is the inverse of 'elem'
    notElem :: Char -> ByteString -> Bool
    notElem :: Char -> ByteString -> Bool
    notElem Char
    c = Word8 -> ByteString -> Bool
    B.notElem (Char -> Word8
    c2w Char
    c)
    {-# INLINE notElem #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ 'filter', applied to a predicate and a ByteString,
    -- returns a ByteString containing those characters that satisfy the
    -- predicate.
    filter :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    filter :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    filter Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.filter (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE filter #-}

    -- | @since 0.10.12.0
    partition :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    partition :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    partition Char -> Bool
    f = (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    B.partition (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)
    {-# INLINE partition #-}

    {-
    -- | /O(n)/ and /O(n\/c) space/ A first order equivalent of /filter .
    -- (==)/, for the common case of filtering a single Char. It is more
    -- efficient to use /filterChar/ in this case.
    --
    -- > filterChar == filter . (==)
    --
    -- filterChar is around 10x faster, and uses much less space, than its
    -- filter equivalent
    --
    filterChar :: Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    filterChar c ps = replicate (count c ps) c
    {-# INLINE filterChar #-}

    {-# RULES
    "ByteString specialise filter (== x)" forall x.
        filter ((==) x) = filterChar x
    "ByteString specialise filter (== x)" forall x.
        filter (== x) = filterChar x
      #-}
    -}

    -- | /O(n)/ The 'find' function takes a predicate and a ByteString,
    -- and returns the first element in matching the predicate, or 'Nothing'
    -- if there is no such element.
    find :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Char
    find :: (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Char
    find Char -> Bool
    f ByteString
    ps = Word8 -> Char
    w2c (Word8 -> Char) -> Maybe Word8 -> Maybe Char
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> Maybe b
    forall (f :: * -> *) a b. Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
    `fmap` (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Maybe Word8
    B.find (Char -> Bool
    f (Char -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c) ByteString
    ps
    {-# INLINE find #-}

    {-
    -- | /O(n)/ A first order equivalent of /filter . (==)/, for the common
    -- case of filtering a single Char. It is more efficient to use
    -- filterChar in this case.
    --
    -- > filterChar == filter . (==)
    --
    -- filterChar is around 10x faster, and uses much less space, than its
    -- filter equivalent
    --
    filterChar :: Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    filterChar c = B.filterByte (c2w c)
    {-# INLINE filterChar #-}

    -- | /O(n)/ A first order equivalent of /filter . (\/=)/, for the common
    -- case of filtering a single Char out of a list. It is more efficient
    -- to use /filterNotChar/ in this case.
    --
    -- > filterNotChar == filter . (/=)
    --
    -- filterNotChar is around 3x faster, and uses much less space, than its
    -- filter equivalent
    --
    filterNotChar :: Char -> ByteString -> ByteString
    filterNotChar c = B.filterNotByte (c2w c)
    {-# INLINE filterNotChar #-}
    -}

    -- | /O(n)/ 'zip' takes two ByteStrings and returns a list of
    -- corresponding pairs of Chars. If one input ByteString is short,
    -- excess elements of the longer ByteString are discarded. This is
    -- equivalent to a pair of 'unpack' operations, and so space
    -- usage may be large for multi-megabyte ByteStrings
    zip :: ByteString -> ByteString -> [(Char,Char)]
    zip :: ByteString -> ByteString -> [(Char, Char)]
    zip ByteString
    ps ByteString
    qs = case ByteString -> Maybe (Char, ByteString)
    uncons ByteString
    ps of
      Maybe (Char, ByteString)
    Nothing         -> []
      Just (Char
    psH, ByteString
    psT) -> case ByteString -> Maybe (Char, ByteString)
    uncons ByteString
    qs of
        Maybe (Char, ByteString)
    Nothing         -> []
        Just (Char
    qsH, ByteString
    qsT) -> (Char
    psH, Char
    qsH) (Char, Char) -> [(Char, Char)] -> [(Char, Char)]
    forall a. a -> [a] -> [a]
    : ByteString -> ByteString -> [(Char, Char)]
    zip ByteString
    psT ByteString
    qsT

    -- | 'zipWith' generalises 'zip' by zipping with the function given as
    -- the first argument, instead of a tupling function.  For example,
    -- @'zipWith' (+)@ is applied to two ByteStrings to produce the list
    -- of corresponding sums.
    zipWith :: (Char -> Char -> a) -> ByteString -> ByteString -> [a]
    zipWith :: forall a. (Char -> Char -> a) -> ByteString -> ByteString -> [a]
    zipWith Char -> Char -> a
    f = (Word8 -> Word8 -> a) -> ByteString -> ByteString -> [a]
    forall a. (Word8 -> Word8 -> a) -> ByteString -> ByteString -> [a]
    B.zipWith (((Char -> a) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> a
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c) ((Char -> a) -> Word8 -> a)
    -> (Word8 -> Char -> a) -> Word8 -> Word8 -> a
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Char -> Char -> a
    f (Char -> Char -> a) -> (Word8 -> Char) -> Word8 -> Char -> a
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Char
    w2c)

    -- | A specialised version of `zipWith` for the common case of a
    -- simultaneous map over two ByteStrings, to build a 3rd.
    --
    -- @since 0.11.1.0
    packZipWith :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> ByteString -> ByteString
    packZipWith :: (Char -> Char -> Char) -> ByteString -> ByteString -> ByteString
    packZipWith Char -> Char -> Char
    f = (Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8) -> ByteString -> ByteString -> ByteString
    B.packZipWith Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8
    f'
        where
            f' :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8
    f' Word8
    c1 Word8
    c2 = Char -> Word8
    c2w (Char -> Word8) -> Char -> Word8
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> a -> b
    $ Char -> Char -> Char
    f (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    c1) (Word8 -> Char
    w2c Word8
    c2)
    {-# INLINE packZipWith #-}

    -- | 'unzip' transforms a list of pairs of Chars into a pair of
    -- ByteStrings. Note that this performs two 'pack' operations.
    unzip :: [(Char,Char)] -> (ByteString,ByteString)
    unzip :: [(Char, Char)] -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    unzip [(Char, Char)]
    ls = (String -> ByteString
    pack (((Char, Char) -> Char) -> [(Char, Char)] -> String
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
    P.map (Char, Char) -> Char
    forall a b. (a, b) -> a
    fst [(Char, Char)]
    ls), String -> ByteString
    pack (((Char, Char) -> Char) -> [(Char, Char)] -> String
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
    P.map (Char, Char) -> Char
    forall a b. (a, b) -> b
    snd [(Char, Char)]
    ls))
    {-# INLINE unzip #-}

    -- | A variety of 'head' for non-empty ByteStrings. 'unsafeHead' omits
    -- the check for the empty case, which is good for performance, but
    -- there is an obligation on the programmer to provide a proof that the
    -- ByteString is non-empty.
    unsafeHead :: ByteString -> Char
    unsafeHead :: ByteString -> Char
    unsafeHead  = Word8 -> Char
    w2c (Word8 -> Char) -> (ByteString -> Word8) -> ByteString -> Char
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . ByteString -> Word8
    B.unsafeHead
    {-# INLINE unsafeHead #-}

    -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Things that depend on the encoding

    {-# RULES
    "ByteString specialise break -> breakSpace"
        break isSpace = breakSpace
      #-}

    -- | 'breakSpace' returns the pair of ByteStrings when the argument is
    -- broken at the first whitespace byte. I.e.
    --
    -- > break isSpace == breakSpace
    --
    breakSpace :: ByteString -> (ByteString,ByteString)
    breakSpace :: ByteString -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    breakSpace (BS ForeignPtr Word8
    x Int
    l) = IO (ByteString, ByteString) -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    forall a. IO a -> a
    accursedUnutterablePerformIO (IO (ByteString, ByteString) -> (ByteString, ByteString))
    -> IO (ByteString, ByteString) -> (ByteString, ByteString)
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> a -> b
    $ ForeignPtr Word8
    -> (Ptr Word8 -> IO (ByteString, ByteString))
    -> IO (ByteString, ByteString)
    forall a b. ForeignPtr a -> (Ptr a -> IO b) -> IO b
    unsafeWithForeignPtr ForeignPtr Word8
    x ((Ptr Word8 -> IO (ByteString, ByteString))
     -> IO (ByteString, ByteString))
    -> (Ptr Word8 -> IO (ByteString, ByteString))
    -> IO (ByteString, ByteString)
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> a -> b
    $ \Ptr Word8
    p -> do
        Int
    i <- Ptr Word8 -> Int -> Int -> IO Int
    firstspace Ptr Word8
    p Int
    0 Int
    l
        (ByteString, ByteString) -> IO (ByteString, ByteString)
    forall a. a -> IO a
    forall (m :: * -> *) a. Monad m => a -> m a
    return ((ByteString, ByteString) -> IO (ByteString, ByteString))
    -> (ByteString, ByteString) -> IO (ByteString, ByteString)
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> a -> b
    $! case () of {()
    _
            | Int
    i Int -> Int -> Bool
    forall a. Eq a => a -> a -> Bool
    == Int
    0    -> (ByteString
    empty, ForeignPtr Word8 -> Int -> ByteString
    BS ForeignPtr Word8
    x Int
    l)
            | Int
    i Int -> Int -> Bool
    forall a. Eq a => a -> a -> Bool
    == Int
    l    -> (ForeignPtr Word8 -> Int -> ByteString
    BS ForeignPtr Word8
    x Int
    l, ByteString
    empty)
            | Bool
    otherwise -> (ForeignPtr Word8 -> Int -> ByteString
    BS ForeignPtr Word8
    x Int
    i, ForeignPtr Word8 -> Int -> ByteString
    BS (ForeignPtr Word8 -> Int -> ForeignPtr Word8
    forall a b. ForeignPtr a -> Int -> ForeignPtr b
    plusForeignPtr ForeignPtr Word8
    x Int
    i) (Int
    lInt -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    -Int
    i))
        }
    {-# INLINE breakSpace #-}

    firstspace :: Ptr Word8 -> Int -> Int -> IO Int
    firstspace :: Ptr Word8 -> Int -> Int -> IO Int
    firstspace !Ptr Word8
    ptr !Int
    n !Int
    m
        | Int
    n Int -> Int -> Bool
    forall a. Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
    >= Int
    m    = Int -> IO Int
    forall a. a -> IO a
    forall (m :: * -> *) a. Monad m => a -> m a
    return Int
    n
        | Bool
    otherwise = do Word8
    w <- Ptr Word8 -> Int -> IO Word8
    forall b. Ptr b -> Int -> IO Word8
    forall a b. Storable a => Ptr b -> Int -> IO a
    peekByteOff Ptr Word8
    ptr Int
    n
                         if (Bool -> Bool
    not (Bool -> Bool) -> (Word8 -> Bool) -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . Word8 -> Bool
    isSpaceWord8) Word8
    w then Ptr Word8 -> Int -> Int -> IO Int
    firstspace Ptr Word8
    ptr (Int
    nInt -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    +Int
    1) Int
    m else Int -> IO Int
    forall a. a -> IO a
    forall (m :: * -> *) a. Monad m => a -> m a
    return Int
    n

    -- | 'dropSpace' efficiently returns the 'ByteString' argument with
    -- white space Chars removed from the front. It is more efficient than
    -- calling dropWhile for removing whitespace. I.e.
    --
    -- > dropWhile isSpace == dropSpace
    --
    -- @since 0.10.12.0
    dropSpace :: ByteString -> ByteString
    dropSpace :: ByteString -> ByteString
    dropSpace (BS ForeignPtr Word8
    x Int
    l) = IO ByteString -> ByteString
    forall a. IO a -> a
    accursedUnutterablePerformIO (IO ByteString -> ByteString) -> IO ByteString -> ByteString
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> a -> b
    $ ForeignPtr Word8 -> (Ptr Word8 -> IO ByteString) -> IO ByteString
    forall a b. ForeignPtr a -> (Ptr a -> IO b) -> IO b
    unsafeWithForeignPtr ForeignPtr Word8
    x ((Ptr Word8 -> IO ByteString) -> IO ByteString)
    -> (Ptr Word8 -> IO ByteString) -> IO ByteString
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> a -> b
    $ \Ptr Word8
    p -> do
        Int
    i <- Ptr Word8 -> Int -> Int -> IO Int
    firstnonspace Ptr Word8
    p Int
    0 Int
    l
        ByteString -> IO ByteString
    forall a. a -> IO a
    forall (m :: * -> *) a. Monad m => a -> m a
    return (ByteString -> IO ByteString) -> ByteString -> IO ByteString
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> a -> b
    $! if Int
    i Int -> Int -> Bool
    forall a. Eq a => a -> a -> Bool
    == Int
    l then ByteString
    empty else ForeignPtr Word8 -> Int -> ByteString
    BS (ForeignPtr Word8 -> Int -> ForeignPtr Word8
    forall a b. ForeignPtr a -> Int -> ForeignPtr b
    plusForeignPtr ForeignPtr Word8
    x Int
    i) (Int
    lInt -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    -Int
    i)
    {-# INLINE dropSpace #-}

    firstnonspace :: Ptr Word8 -> Int -> Int -> IO Int
    firstnonspace :: Ptr Word8 -> Int -> Int -> IO Int
    firstnonspace !Ptr Word8
    ptr !Int
    n !Int
    m
        | Int
    n Int -> Int -> Bool
    forall a. Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
    >= Int
    m    = Int -> IO Int
    forall a. a -> IO a
    forall (m :: * -> *) a. Monad m => a -> m a
    return Int
    n
        | Bool
    otherwise = do Word8
    w <- Ptr Word8 -> Int -> IO Word8
    forall a. Storable a => Ptr a -> Int -> IO a
    peekElemOff Ptr Word8
    ptr Int
    n
                         if Word8 -> Bool
    isSpaceWord8 Word8
    w then Ptr Word8 -> Int -> Int -> IO Int
    firstnonspace Ptr Word8
    ptr (Int
    nInt -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    +Int
    1) Int
    m else Int -> IO Int
    forall a. a -> IO a
    forall (m :: * -> *) a. Monad m => a -> m a
    return Int
    n

    -- | Remove leading and trailing white space from a 'ByteString'.
    --
    -- @since 0.10.12.0
    strip :: ByteString -> ByteString
    strip :: ByteString -> ByteString
    strip = (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    dropWhile Char -> Bool
    isSpace (ByteString -> ByteString)
    -> (ByteString -> ByteString) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . (Char -> Bool) -> ByteString -> ByteString
    dropWhileEnd Char -> Bool
    isSpace

    {-
    -- | 'dropSpaceEnd' efficiently returns the 'ByteString' argument with
    -- white space removed from the end. I.e.
    --
    -- > reverse . (dropWhile isSpace) . reverse == dropSpaceEnd
    --
    -- but it is more efficient than using multiple reverses.
    --
    dropSpaceEnd :: ByteString -> ByteString
    dropSpaceEnd (BS x l) = accursedUnutterablePerformIO $ unsafeWithForeignPtr x $ \p -> do
        i <- lastnonspace p (l-1)
        return $! if i == (-1) then empty else BS x (i+1)
    {-# INLINE dropSpaceEnd #-}

    lastnonspace :: Ptr Word8 -> Int -> IO Int
    lastnonspace ptr n
        | n < 0     = return n
        | otherwise = do w <- peekElemOff ptr n
                         if isSpaceWord8 w then lastnonspace ptr (n-1) else return n
    -}

    -- | 'lines' breaks a ByteString up into a list of ByteStrings at
    -- newline Chars (@'\\n'@). The resulting strings do not contain newlines.
    --
    -- Note that it __does not__ regard CR (@'\\r'@) as a newline character.
    --
    lines :: ByteString -> [ByteString]
    lines :: ByteString -> [ByteString]
    lines ByteString
    ps
        | ByteString -> Bool
    null ByteString
    ps = []
        | Bool
    otherwise = case ByteString -> Maybe Int
    search ByteString
    ps of
                 Maybe Int
    Nothing -> [ByteString
    ps]
                 Just Int
    n  -> Int -> ByteString -> ByteString
    take Int
    n ByteString
    ps ByteString -> [ByteString] -> [ByteString]
    forall a. a -> [a] -> [a]
    : ByteString -> [ByteString]
    lines (Int -> ByteString -> ByteString
    drop (Int
    nInt -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    +Int
    1) ByteString
    ps)
        where search :: ByteString -> Maybe Int
    search = Char -> ByteString -> Maybe Int
    elemIndex Char
    '\n'

    {-
    -- Could be faster, now passes tests...
    lines (BS _ 0) = []
    lines (BS x l) = go x l
      where
        nl = c2w '\n'
        -- It is important to remain lazy in the tail of the list.  The caller
        -- might only want the first few lines.
        go !f !len = accursedUnutterablePerformIO $ unsafeWithForeignPtr f $ \p -> do
            q <- memchr p nl $! fromIntegral len
            if q == nullPtr
                then return [BS f len]
                else do
                    let !i = q `minusPtr` p
                        !j = i + 1
                    if j < len
                        then return $ BS f i : go (plusForeignPtr f j) (len - j)
                        else return [BS f i]
    -}

    -- | 'unlines' joins lines, appending a terminating newline after each.
    --
    -- Equivalent to
    --     @'concat' . Data.List.concatMap (\\x -> [x, 'singleton' \'\\n'])@.
    unlines :: [ByteString] -> ByteString
    unlines :: [ByteString] -> ByteString
    unlines = \[ByteString]
    li -> let
      totLen :: Int
    totLen = (Int -> ByteString -> Int) -> Int -> [ByteString] -> Int
    forall b a. (b -> a -> b) -> b -> [a] -> b
    forall (t :: * -> *) b a.
    Foldable t =>
    (b -> a -> b) -> b -> t a -> b
    List.foldl' (\Int
    acc ByteString
    s -> Int
    acc Int -> Int -> Int
    +! ByteString -> Int
    length ByteString
    s Int -> Int -> Int
    +! Int
    1) Int
    0 [ByteString]
    li
      +! :: Int -> Int -> Int
    (+!) = String -> Int -> Int -> Int
    checkedAdd String
    "Char8.unlines"

      go :: [ByteString] -> ForeignPtr Word8 -> IO ()
    go [] ForeignPtr Word8
    _ = () -> IO ()
    forall a. a -> IO a
    forall (f :: * -> *) a. Applicative f => a -> f a
    pure ()
      go (BS ForeignPtr Word8
    src Int
    len : [ByteString]
    srcs) ForeignPtr Word8
    dest = do
        ForeignPtr Word8 -> ForeignPtr Word8 -> Int -> IO ()
    memcpyFp ForeignPtr Word8
    dest ForeignPtr Word8
    src Int
    len
        ForeignPtr Word8 -> Int -> Word8 -> IO ()
    forall a b. Storable a => ForeignPtr b -> Int -> a -> IO ()
    pokeFpByteOff ForeignPtr Word8
    dest Int
    len (Char -> Word8
    c2w Char
    '\n')
        [ByteString] -> ForeignPtr Word8 -> IO ()
    go [ByteString]
    srcs (ForeignPtr Word8 -> IO ()) -> ForeignPtr Word8 -> IO ()
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> a -> b
    $ ForeignPtr Word8
    dest ForeignPtr Word8 -> Int -> ForeignPtr Word8
    forall a b. ForeignPtr a -> Int -> ForeignPtr b
    `plusForeignPtr` (Int
    len Int -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    + Int
    1)
      in  Int -> (ForeignPtr Word8 -> IO ()) -> ByteString
    unsafeCreateFp Int
    totLen ([ByteString] -> ForeignPtr Word8 -> IO ()
    go [ByteString]
    li)

    -- | 'words' breaks a ByteString up into a list of words, which
    -- were delimited by Chars representing white space.
    words :: ByteString -> [ByteString]
    words :: ByteString -> [ByteString]
    words = (ByteString -> Bool) -> [ByteString] -> [ByteString]
    forall a. (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
    P.filter (Bool -> Bool
    not (Bool -> Bool) -> (ByteString -> Bool) -> ByteString -> Bool
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . ByteString -> Bool
    B.null) ([ByteString] -> [ByteString])
    -> (ByteString -> [ByteString]) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
    . (Word8 -> Bool) -> ByteString -> [ByteString]
    B.splitWith Word8 -> Bool
    isSpaceWord8
    {-# INLINE words #-}

    -- | The 'unwords' function is analogous to the 'unlines' function, on words.
    unwords :: [ByteString] -> ByteString
    unwords :: [ByteString] -> ByteString
    unwords = ByteString -> [ByteString] -> ByteString
    intercalate (Char -> ByteString
    singleton Char
    ' ')
    {-# INLINE unwords #-}

    -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Reading from ByteStrings

    -- | readInt reads an Int from the beginning of the ByteString.  If there is no
    -- integer at the beginning of the string, it returns Nothing, otherwise
    -- it just returns the int read, and the rest of the string.
    --
    -- Note: This function will overflow the Int for large integers.
    readInt :: ByteString -> Maybe (Int, ByteString)
    readInt :: ByteString -> Maybe (Int, ByteString)
    readInt ByteString
    as
        | ByteString -> Bool
    null ByteString
    as   = Maybe (Int, ByteString)
    forall a. Maybe a
    Nothing
        | Bool
    otherwise =
            case ByteString -> Char
    unsafeHead ByteString
    as of
                Char
    '-' -> Bool -> Int -> Int -> ByteString -> Maybe (Int, ByteString)
    loop Bool
    True  Int
    0 Int
    0 (ByteString -> ByteString
    B.unsafeTail ByteString
    as)
                Char
    '+' -> Bool -> Int -> Int -> ByteString -> Maybe (Int, ByteString)
    loop Bool
    False Int
    0 Int
    0 (ByteString -> ByteString
    B.unsafeTail ByteString
    as)
                Char
    _   -> Bool -> Int -> Int -> ByteString -> Maybe (Int, ByteString)
    loop Bool
    False Int
    0 Int
    0 ByteString
    as

        where loop :: Bool -> Int -> Int -> ByteString -> Maybe (Int, ByteString)
              loop :: Bool -> Int -> Int -> ByteString -> Maybe (Int, ByteString)
    loop Bool
    neg !Int
    i !Int
    n !ByteString
    ps
                  | ByteString -> Bool
    null ByteString
    ps   = Bool -> Int -> Int -> ByteString -> Maybe (Int, ByteString)
    forall {a} {a} {b}.
    (Eq a, Num a, Num a) =>
    Bool -> a -> a -> b -> Maybe (a, b)
    end Bool
    neg Int
    i Int
    n ByteString
    ps
                  | Bool
    otherwise =
                      case ByteString -> Word8
    B.unsafeHead ByteString
    ps of
                        Word8
    w | Word8
    w Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall a. Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
    >= Word8
    0x30
                         Bool -> Bool -> Bool
    && Word8
    w Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall a. Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
    <= Word8
    0x39 -> Bool -> Int -> Int -> ByteString -> Maybe (Int, ByteString)
    loop Bool
    neg (Int
    iInt -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    +Int
    1)
                                              (Int
    n Int -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    * Int
    10 Int -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    + (Word8 -> Int
    forall a b. (Integral a, Num b) => a -> b
    fromIntegral Word8
    w Int -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    - Int
    0x30))
                                              (ByteString -> ByteString
    B.unsafeTail ByteString
    ps)
                          | Bool
    otherwise -> Bool -> Int -> Int -> ByteString -> Maybe (Int, ByteString)
    forall {a} {a} {b}.
    (Eq a, Num a, Num a) =>
    Bool -> a -> a -> b -> Maybe (a, b)
    end Bool
    neg Int
    i Int
    n ByteString
    ps

              end :: Bool -> a -> a -> b -> Maybe (a, b)
    end Bool
    _    a
    0 a
    _ b
    _  = Maybe (a, b)
    forall a. Maybe a
    Nothing
              end Bool
    True a
    _ a
    n b
    ps = (a, b) -> Maybe (a, b)
    forall a. a -> Maybe a
    Just (a -> a
    forall a. Num a => a -> a
    negate a
    n, b
    ps)
              end Bool
    _    a
    _ a
    n b
    ps = (a, b) -> Maybe (a, b)
    forall a. a -> Maybe a
    Just (a
    n, b
    ps)

    -- | readInteger reads an Integer from the beginning of the ByteString.  If
    -- there is no integer at the beginning of the string, it returns Nothing,
    -- otherwise it just returns the int read, and the rest of the string.
    readInteger :: ByteString -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    readInteger :: ByteString -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    readInteger ByteString
    as
        | ByteString -> Bool
    null ByteString
    as   = Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    forall a. Maybe a
    Nothing
        | Bool
    otherwise =
            case ByteString -> Char
    unsafeHead ByteString
    as of
                Char
    '-' -> ByteString -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    first (ByteString -> ByteString
    B.unsafeTail ByteString
    as) Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    -> ((Integer, ByteString) -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString))
    -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    forall a b. Maybe a -> (a -> Maybe b) -> Maybe b
    forall (m :: * -> *) a b. Monad m => m a -> (a -> m b) -> m b
    >>= \(Integer
    n, ByteString
    bs) -> (Integer, ByteString) -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    forall a. a -> Maybe a
    forall (m :: * -> *) a. Monad m => a -> m a
    return (-Integer
    n, ByteString
    bs)
                Char
    '+' -> ByteString -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    first (ByteString -> ByteString
    B.unsafeTail ByteString
    as)
                Char
    _   -> ByteString -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    first ByteString
    as

        where first :: ByteString -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    first ByteString
    ps | ByteString -> Bool
    null ByteString
    ps   = Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    forall a. Maybe a
    Nothing
                       | Bool
    otherwise =
                           case ByteString -> Word8
    B.unsafeHead ByteString
    ps of
                            Word8
    w | Word8
    w Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall a. Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
    >= Word8
    0x30 Bool -> Bool -> Bool
    && Word8
    w Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall a. Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
    <= Word8
    0x39 -> (Integer, ByteString) -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    forall a. a -> Maybe a
    Just ((Integer, ByteString) -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString))
    -> (Integer, ByteString) -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> a -> b
    $
                                Int -> Int -> [Integer] -> ByteString -> (Integer, ByteString)
    loop Int
    1 (Word8 -> Int
    forall a b. (Integral a, Num b) => a -> b
    fromIntegral Word8
    w Int -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    - Int
    0x30) [] (ByteString -> ByteString
    B.unsafeTail ByteString
    ps)
                              | Bool
    otherwise              -> Maybe (Integer, ByteString)
    forall a. Maybe a
    Nothing

              loop :: Int -> Int -> [Integer]
                   -> ByteString -> (Integer, ByteString)
              loop :: Int -> Int -> [Integer] -> ByteString -> (Integer, ByteString)
    loop !Int
    d !Int
    acc [Integer]
    ns !ByteString
    ps
                  | ByteString -> Bool
    null ByteString
    ps   = Int -> Int -> [Integer] -> ByteString -> (Integer, ByteString)
    forall {a} {b} {b}.
    (Integral a, Integral b) =>
    b -> a -> [Integer] -> b -> (Integer, b)
    combine Int
    d Int
    acc [Integer]
    ns ByteString
    empty
                  | Bool
    otherwise =
                      case ByteString -> Word8
    B.unsafeHead ByteString
    ps of
                       Word8
    w | Word8
    w Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall a. Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
    >= Word8
    0x30 Bool -> Bool -> Bool
    && Word8
    w Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool
    forall a. Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
    <= Word8
    0x39 ->
                           if Int
    d Int -> Int -> Bool
    forall a. Eq a => a -> a -> Bool
    == Int
    9 then Int -> Int -> [Integer] -> ByteString -> (Integer, ByteString)
    loop Int
    1 (Word8 -> Int
    forall a b. (Integral a, Num b) => a -> b
    fromIntegral Word8
    w Int -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    - Int
    0x30)
                                               (Int -> Integer
    forall a. Integral a => a -> Integer
    toInteger Int
    acc Integer -> [Integer] -> [Integer]
    forall a. a -> [a] -> [a]
    : [Integer]
    ns)
                                               (ByteString -> ByteString
    B.unsafeTail ByteString
    ps)
                                     else Int -> Int -> [Integer] -> ByteString -> (Integer, ByteString)
    loop (Int
    dInt -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    +Int
    1)
                                               (Int
    10Int -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    *Int
    acc Int -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    + (Word8 -> Int
    forall a b. (Integral a, Num b) => a -> b
    fromIntegral Word8
    w Int -> Int -> Int
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    - Int
    0x30))
                                               [Integer]
    ns (ByteString -> ByteString
    B.unsafeTail ByteString
    ps)
                         | Bool
    otherwise -> Int -> Int -> [Integer] -> ByteString -> (Integer, ByteString)
    forall {a} {b} {b}.
    (Integral a, Integral b) =>
    b -> a -> [Integer] -> b -> (Integer, b)
    combine Int
    d Int
    acc [Integer]
    ns ByteString
    ps

              combine :: b -> a -> [Integer] -> b -> (Integer, b)
    combine b
    _ a
    acc [] b
    ps = (a -> Integer
    forall a. Integral a => a -> Integer
    toInteger a
    acc, b
    ps)
              combine b
    d a
    acc [Integer]
    ns b
    ps =
                  (Integer
    10Integer -> b -> Integer
    forall a b. (Num a, Integral b) => a -> b -> a
    ^b
    d Integer -> Integer -> Integer
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    * Integer -> [Integer] -> Integer
    forall {t}. Num t => t -> [t] -> t
    combine1 Integer
    1000000000 [Integer]
    ns Integer -> Integer -> Integer
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    + a -> Integer
    forall a. Integral a => a -> Integer
    toInteger a
    acc, b
    ps)

              combine1 :: t -> [t] -> t
    combine1 t
    _ [t
    n] = t
    n
              combine1 t
    b [t]
    ns  = t -> [t] -> t
    combine1 (t
    bt -> t -> t
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    *t
    b) ([t] -> t) -> [t] -> t
    forall a b. (a -> b) -> a -> b
    $ t -> [t] -> [t]
    forall {t}. Num t => t -> [t] -> [t]
    combine2 t
    b [t]
    ns

              combine2 :: t -> [t] -> [t]
    combine2 t
    b (t
    n:t
    m:[t]
    ns) = let !t :: t
    t = t
    mt -> t -> t
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    *t
    b t -> t -> t
    forall a. Num a => a -> a -> a
    + t
    n in t
    t t -> [t] -> [t]
    forall a. a -> [a] -> [a]
    : t -> [t] -> [t]
    combine2 t
    b [t]
    ns
              combine2 t
    _ [t]
    ns       = [t]
    ns

    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- For non-binary text processing:

    -- | Write a ByteString to a handle, appending a newline byte.
    --
    -- Unlike 'hPutStr', this is not atomic: other threads might write
    -- to the handle between writing of the bytestring and the newline.
    --
    hPutStrLn :: Handle -> ByteString -> IO ()
    hPutStrLn :: Handle -> ByteString -> IO ()
    hPutStrLn Handle
    h ByteString
    ps
        | ByteString -> Int
    length ByteString
    ps Int -> Int -> Bool
    forall a. Ord a => a -> a -> Bool
    < Int
    1024 = Handle -> ByteString -> IO ()
    hPut Handle
    h (ByteString
    ps ByteString -> Word8 -> ByteString
    `B.snoc` Word8
    0x0a)
        | Bool
    otherwise        = Handle -> ByteString -> IO ()
    hPut Handle
    h ByteString
    ps IO () -> IO () -> IO ()
    forall a b. IO a -> IO b -> IO b
    forall (m :: * -> *) a b. Monad m => m a -> m b -> m b
    >> Handle -> ByteString -> IO ()
    hPut Handle
    h (Word8 -> ByteString
    B.singleton Word8
    0x0a) -- don't copy

    -- | Write a ByteString to 'stdout', appending a newline byte.
    --
    -- Unlike 'putStr', this is not atomic: other threads might write
    -- to 'stdout' between writing of the bytestring and the newline.
    --
    putStrLn :: ByteString -> IO ()
    putStrLn :: ByteString -> IO ()
    putStrLn = Handle -> ByteString -> IO ()
    hPutStrLn Handle
    stdout