rustc_resolve/

imports.rs

//! A bunch of methods and structures more or less related to resolving imports.

use std::cmp::Ordering;
use std::mem;

use rustc_ast::NodeId;
use rustc_data_structures::fx::{FxHashSet, FxIndexSet};
use rustc_data_structures::intern::Interned;
use rustc_errors::{Applicability, BufferedEarlyLint, Diagnostic};
use rustc_expand::base::SyntaxExtensionKind;
use rustc_hir::def::{self, DefKind, PartialRes};
use rustc_hir::def_id::{DefId, LocalDefId, LocalDefIdMap};
use rustc_middle::metadata::{AmbigModChild, ModChild, Reexport};
use rustc_middle::span_bug;
use rustc_middle::ty::Visibility;
use rustc_session::errors::feature_err;
use rustc_session::lint::LintId;
use rustc_session::lint::builtin::{
    AMBIGUOUS_GLOB_REEXPORTS, EXPORTED_PRIVATE_DEPENDENCIES, HIDDEN_GLOB_REEXPORTS,
    PUB_USE_OF_PRIVATE_EXTERN_CRATE, REDUNDANT_IMPORTS, UNUSED_IMPORTS,
};
use rustc_span::edit_distance::find_best_match_for_name;
use rustc_span::hygiene::LocalExpnId;
use rustc_span::{Ident, Span, Symbol, kw, sym};
use tracing::debug;

use crate::Namespace::{self, *};
use crate::diagnostics::{
    self, CannotBeReexportedCratePublic, CannotBeReexportedCratePublicNS,
    CannotBeReexportedPrivate, CannotBeReexportedPrivateNS, CannotDetermineImportResolution,
    CannotGlobImportAllCrates, ConsiderAddingMacroExport, ConsiderMarkingAsPub,
    ConsiderMarkingAsPubCrate,
};
use crate::error_helper::{OnUnknownData, Suggestion};
use crate::ref_mut::CmCell;
use crate::{
    AmbiguityError, BindingKey, CmResolver, Decl, DeclData, DeclKind, Determinacy, Finalize,
    IdentKey, ImportSuggestion, ImportSummary, LocalModule, ModuleOrUniformRoot, ParentScope,
    PathResult, PerNS, Res, ResolutionError, Resolver, ScopeSet, Segment, Used, module_to_string,
    names_to_string,
};

/// A potential import declaration in the process of being planted into a module.
/// Also used for lazily planting names from `--extern` flags to extern prelude.
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default, PartialEq, Debug)]
pub(crate) enum PendingDecl<'ra> {
    Ready(Option<Decl<'ra>>),
    #[default]
    Pending,
}

enum ImportResolutionKind<'ra> {
    Single(PerNS<PendingDecl<'ra>>),
    Glob(Vec<(Decl<'ra>, BindingKey, Span /* orig_ident_span */)>),
}

struct ImportResolution<'ra> {
    kind: ImportResolutionKind<'ra>,
    imported_module: ModuleOrUniformRoot<'ra>,
}

impl<'ra> PendingDecl<'ra> {
    pub(crate) fn decl(self) -> Option<Decl<'ra>> {
        match self {
            PendingDecl::Ready(decl) => decl,
            PendingDecl::Pending => None,
        }
    }
}

/// Contains data for specific kinds of imports.
#[derive(Clone)]
pub(crate) enum ImportKind<'ra> {
    Single {
        /// `source` in `use prefix::source as target`.
        source: Ident,
        /// `target` in `use prefix::source as target`.
        /// It will directly use `source` when the format is `use prefix::source`.
        target: Ident,
        /// Name declarations introduced by the import.
        decls: PerNS<CmCell<PendingDecl<'ra>>>,
        /// Did this import result from a nested import? i.e. `use foo::{bar, baz};`
        nested: bool,
        /// The ID of the `UseTree` that imported this `Import`.
        ///
        /// In the case where the `Import` was expanded from a "nested" use tree,
        /// this id is the ID of the leaf tree. For example:
        ///
        /// ```ignore (pacify the merciless tidy)
        /// use foo::bar::{a, b}
        /// ```
        ///
        /// If this is the import for `foo::bar::a`, we would have the ID of the `UseTree`
        /// for `a` in this field.
        id: NodeId,
        def_id: LocalDefId,
    },
    Glob {
        // The visibility of the greatest re-export.
        // n.b. `max_vis` is only used in `finalize_import` to check for re-export errors.
        max_vis: CmCell<Option<Visibility>>,
        id: NodeId,
        def_id: LocalDefId,
    },
    ExternCrate {
        source: Option<Symbol>,
        target: Ident,
        id: NodeId,
        def_id: LocalDefId,
    },
    MacroUse {
        /// A field has been added indicating whether it should be reported as a lint,
        /// addressing issue#119301.
        warn_private: bool,
    },
    MacroExport,
}

/// Manually implement `Debug` for `ImportKind` because the `source/target_bindings`
/// contain `Cell`s which can introduce infinite loops while printing.
impl<'ra> std::fmt::Debug for ImportKind<'ra> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        use ImportKind::*;
        match self {
            Single { source, target, decls, nested, id, def_id } => f
                .debug_struct("Single")
                .field("source", source)
                .field("target", target)
                // Ignore the nested bindings to avoid an infinite loop while printing.
                .field(
                    "decls",
                    &decls.clone().map(|b| b.into_inner().decl().map(|_| format_args!(".."))),
                )
                .field("nested", nested)
                .field("id", id)
                .field("def_id", def_id)
                .finish(),
            Glob { max_vis, id, def_id } => f
                .debug_struct("Glob")
                .field("max_vis", max_vis)
                .field("id", id)
                .field("def_id", def_id)
                .finish(),
            ExternCrate { source, target, id, def_id } => f
                .debug_struct("ExternCrate")
                .field("source", source)
                .field("target", target)
                .field("id", id)
                .field("def_id", def_id)
                .finish(),
            MacroUse { warn_private } => {
                f.debug_struct("MacroUse").field("warn_private", warn_private).finish()
            }
            MacroExport => f.debug_struct("MacroExport").finish(),
        }
    }
}

/// One import.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub(crate) struct ImportData<'ra> {
    pub kind: ImportKind<'ra>,

    /// Node ID of the "root" use item -- this is always the same as `ImportKind`'s `id`
    /// (if it exists) except in the case of "nested" use trees, in which case
    /// it will be the ID of the root use tree. e.g., in the example
    /// ```ignore (incomplete code)
    /// use foo::bar::{a, b}
    /// ```
    /// this would be the ID of the `use foo::bar` `UseTree` node.
    /// In case of imports without their own node ID it's the closest node that can be used,
    /// for example, for reporting lints.
    pub root_id: NodeId,

    /// Span of the entire use statement.
    pub use_span: Span,

    /// Span of the entire use statement with attributes.
    pub use_span_with_attributes: Span,

    /// Did the use statement have any attributes?
    pub has_attributes: bool,

    /// Span of this use tree.
    pub span: Span,

    /// Span of the *root* use tree (see `root_id`).
    pub root_span: Span,

    pub parent_scope: ParentScope<'ra>,
    pub module_path: Vec<Segment>,
    /// The resolution of `module_path`:
    ///
    /// | `module_path` | `imported_module` | remark |
    /// |-|-|-|
    /// |`use prefix::foo`| `ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(prefix)`         | - |
    /// |`use ::foo`      | `ModuleOrUniformRoot::ExternPrelude`          | 2018+ editions |
    /// |`use ::foo`      | `ModuleOrUniformRoot::ModuleAndExternPrelude` | a special case in 2015 edition |
    /// |`use foo`        | `ModuleOrUniformRoot::CurrentScope`           | - |
    pub imported_module: CmCell<Option<ModuleOrUniformRoot<'ra>>>,
    pub vis: Visibility,

    /// Span of the visibility.
    pub vis_span: Span,

    /// A `#[diagnostic::on_unknown]` attribute applied
    /// to the given import. This allows crates to specify
    /// custom error messages for a specific import
    ///
    /// This is `None` if the feature flag for `diagnostic::on_unknown` is disabled.
    pub on_unknown_attr: Option<OnUnknownData>,
}

/// All imports are unique and allocated on a same arena,
/// so we can use referential equality to compare them.
pub(crate) type Import<'ra> = Interned<'ra, ImportData<'ra>>;

// Allows us to use Interned without actually enforcing (via Hash/PartialEq/...) uniqueness of the
// contained data.
// FIXME: We may wish to actually have at least debug-level assertions that Interned's guarantees
// are upheld.
impl std::hash::Hash for ImportData<'_> {
    fn hash<H>(&self, _: &mut H)
    where
        H: std::hash::Hasher,
    {
        unreachable!()
    }
}

impl<'ra> ImportData<'ra> {
    pub(crate) fn is_glob(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(self.kind, ImportKind::Glob { .. })
    }

    pub(crate) fn is_nested(&self) -> bool {
        match self.kind {
            ImportKind::Single { nested, .. } => nested,
            _ => false,
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn id(&self) -> Option<NodeId> {
        match self.kind {
            ImportKind::Single { id, .. }
            | ImportKind::Glob { id, .. }
            | ImportKind::ExternCrate { id, .. } => Some(id),
            ImportKind::MacroUse { .. } | ImportKind::MacroExport => None,
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn def_id(&self) -> Option<LocalDefId> {
        match self.kind {
            ImportKind::Single { def_id, .. }
            | ImportKind::Glob { def_id, .. }
            | ImportKind::ExternCrate { def_id, .. } => Some(def_id),
            ImportKind::MacroUse { .. } | ImportKind::MacroExport => None,
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn simplify(&self) -> Reexport {
        match self.kind {
            ImportKind::Single { def_id, .. } => Reexport::Single(def_id.to_def_id()),
            ImportKind::Glob { def_id, .. } => Reexport::Glob(def_id.to_def_id()),
            ImportKind::ExternCrate { def_id, .. } => Reexport::ExternCrate(def_id.to_def_id()),
            ImportKind::MacroUse { .. } => Reexport::MacroUse,
            ImportKind::MacroExport => Reexport::MacroExport,
        }
    }

    fn summary(&self) -> ImportSummary {
        ImportSummary {
            vis: self.vis,
            nearest_parent_mod: self.parent_scope.module.nearest_parent_mod().expect_local(),
            is_single: matches!(self.kind, ImportKind::Single { .. }),
            priv_macro_use: matches!(self.kind, ImportKind::MacroUse { warn_private: true }),
            span: self.span,
        }
    }
}

/// Records information about the resolution of a name in a namespace of a module.
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub(crate) struct NameResolution<'ra> {
    /// Single imports that may define the name in the namespace.
    /// Imports are arena-allocated, so it's ok to use pointers as keys.
    pub single_imports: FxIndexSet<Import<'ra>>,
    /// The non-glob declaration for this name, if it is known to exist.
    pub non_glob_decl: Option<Decl<'ra>> = None,
    /// The glob declaration for this name, if it is known to exist.
    pub glob_decl: Option<Decl<'ra>> = None,
    pub orig_ident_span: Span,
}

impl<'ra> NameResolution<'ra> {
    pub(crate) fn new(orig_ident_span: Span) -> Self {
        NameResolution { single_imports: FxIndexSet::default(), orig_ident_span, .. }
    }

    /// Returns the best declaration if it is not going to change, and `None` if the best
    /// declaration may still change to something else.
    /// FIXME: this function considers `single_imports`, but not `unexpanded_invocations`, so
    /// the returned declaration may actually change after expanding macros in the same module,
    /// because of this fact we have glob overwriting (`select_glob_decl`). Consider using
    /// `unexpanded_invocations` here and avoiding glob overwriting entirely, if it doesn't cause
    /// code breakage in practice.
    /// FIXME: relationship between this function and similar `DeclData::determined` is unclear.
    pub(crate) fn determined_decl(&self) -> Option<Decl<'ra>> {
        if self.non_glob_decl.is_some() {
            self.non_glob_decl
        } else if self.glob_decl.is_some() && self.single_imports.is_empty() {
            self.glob_decl
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn best_decl(&self) -> Option<Decl<'ra>> {
        self.non_glob_decl.or(self.glob_decl)
    }
}

/// An error that may be transformed into a diagnostic later. Used to combine multiple unresolved
/// import errors within the same use tree into a single diagnostic.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub(crate) struct UnresolvedImportError {
    pub(crate) span: Span,
    pub(crate) label: Option<String>,
    pub(crate) note: Option<String>,
    pub(crate) suggestion: Option<Suggestion>,
    pub(crate) candidates: Option<Vec<ImportSuggestion>>,
    pub(crate) segment: Option<Ident>,
    /// comes from `PathRes::Failed { module }`
    pub(crate) module: Option<DefId>,
    pub(crate) on_unknown_attr: Option<OnUnknownData>,
}

// Reexports of the form `pub use foo as bar;` where `foo` is `extern crate foo;`
// are permitted for backward-compatibility under a deprecation lint.
fn pub_use_of_private_extern_crate_hack(
    import: ImportSummary,
    decl: Decl<'_>,
) -> Option<LocalDefId> {
    match (import.is_single, decl.kind) {
        (true, DeclKind::Import { import: decl_import, .. })
            if let ImportKind::ExternCrate { def_id, .. } = decl_import.kind
                && import.vis.is_public() =>
        {
            Some(def_id)
        }
        _ => None,
    }
}

/// Removes identical import layers from two declarations.
fn remove_same_import<'ra>(d1: Decl<'ra>, d2: Decl<'ra>) -> (Decl<'ra>, Decl<'ra>) {
    if let DeclKind::Import { import: import1, source_decl: d1_next } = d1.kind
        && let DeclKind::Import { import: import2, source_decl: d2_next } = d2.kind
        && import1 == import2
    {
        assert_eq!(d1.expansion, d2.expansion);
        assert_eq!(d1.span, d2.span);
        if d1.ambiguity.get() != d2.ambiguity.get() {
            assert!(d1.ambiguity.get().is_some());
        }
        // Visibility of the new import declaration may be different,
        // because it already incorporates the visibility of the source binding.
        remove_same_import(d1_next, d2_next)
    } else {
        (d1, d2)
    }
}

impl<'ra, 'tcx> Resolver<'ra, 'tcx> {
    pub(crate) fn import_decl_vis(&self, decl: Decl<'ra>, import: ImportSummary) -> Visibility {
        self.import_decl_vis_ext(decl, import, false)
    }

    pub(crate) fn import_decl_vis_ext(
        &self,
        decl: Decl<'ra>,
        import: ImportSummary,
        min: bool,
    ) -> Visibility {
        assert!(import.vis.is_accessible_from(import.nearest_parent_mod, self.tcx));
        let decl_vis = if min { decl.min_vis() } else { decl.vis() };
        let ord = decl_vis.partial_cmp(import.vis, self.tcx);
        let extern_crate_hack = pub_use_of_private_extern_crate_hack(import, decl).is_some();
        if ord == Some(Ordering::Less)
            && decl_vis.is_accessible_from(import.nearest_parent_mod, self.tcx)
            && !extern_crate_hack
        {
            // Imported declaration is less visible than the import, but is still visible
            // from the current module, use the declaration's visibility.
            decl_vis.expect_local()
        } else {
            // Good case - imported declaration is more visible than the import, or the same,
            // use the import's visibility.
            //
            // Bad case - imported declaration is too private for the current module.
            // It doesn't matter what visibility we choose here (except in the `PRIVATE_MACRO_USE`
            // and `PUB_USE_OF_PRIVATE_EXTERN_CRATE` cases), because an error will be reported.
            // Use import visibility to keep the all declaration visibilities in a module ordered.
            if !min
                && matches!(ord, None | Some(Ordering::Less))
                && !extern_crate_hack
                && !import.priv_macro_use
            {
                let msg = format!("cannot extend visibility from {decl_vis:?} to {:?}", import.vis);
                self.dcx().span_delayed_bug(import.span, msg);
            }
            import.vis
        }
    }

    /// Given an import and the declaration that it points to,
    /// create the corresponding import declaration.
    pub(crate) fn new_import_decl(&self, decl: Decl<'ra>, import: Import<'ra>) -> Decl<'ra> {
        let vis = self.import_decl_vis(decl, import.summary());

        if let ImportKind::Glob { ref max_vis, .. } = import.kind
            && (vis == import.vis
                || max_vis.get().is_none_or(|max_vis| vis.greater_than(max_vis, self.tcx)))
        {
            // `set` can't fail because this can only happen during "write_import_resolutions"
            max_vis.set(Some(vis), self)
        }

        self.arenas.alloc_decl(DeclData {
            kind: DeclKind::Import { source_decl: decl, import },
            ambiguity: CmCell::new(None),
            span: import.span,
            initial_vis: vis.to_def_id(),
            ambiguity_vis_max: CmCell::new(None),
            ambiguity_vis_min: CmCell::new(None),
            expansion: import.parent_scope.expansion,
            parent_module: Some(import.parent_scope.module),
        })
    }

    fn is_noise_0_7_0(&self, old_glob_decl: Decl<'ra>, glob_decl: Decl<'ra>) -> bool {
        let DeclKind::Import { import: i1, .. } = glob_decl.kind else { unreachable!() };
        let DeclKind::Import { import: i2, .. } = old_glob_decl.kind else { unreachable!() };
        let [seg1, seg2] = &i1.module_path[..] else { return false };
        if seg1.ident.name != kw::SelfLower || seg2.ident.name.as_str() != "perlin_surflet" {
            return false;
        }
        let [seg1, seg2] = &i2.module_path[..] else { return false };
        if seg1.ident.name != kw::SelfLower || seg2.ident.name.as_str() != "perlin" {
            return false;
        }
        let Some(def_id1) = glob_decl.res().opt_def_id() else { return false };
        let Some(def_id2) = old_glob_decl.res().opt_def_id() else { return false };
        self.def_path_str(def_id1).ends_with("noise_fns::generators::perlin_surflet::Perlin")
            && self.def_path_str(def_id2).ends_with("noise_fns::generators::perlin::Perlin")
    }

    fn is_rustybuzz_0_4_0(&self, old_glob_decl: Decl<'ra>, glob_decl: Decl<'ra>) -> bool {
        let DeclKind::Import { import: i1, .. } = glob_decl.kind else { unreachable!() };
        let DeclKind::Import { import: i2, .. } = old_glob_decl.kind else { unreachable!() };
        let [seg1, seg2] = &i1.module_path[..] else { return false };
        if seg1.ident.name != kw::Super || seg2.ident.name.as_str() != "gsubgpos" {
            return false;
        }
        let [seg1] = &i2.module_path[..] else { return false };
        if seg1.ident.name != kw::Super {
            return false;
        }
        let Some(def_id1) = glob_decl.res().opt_def_id() else { return false };
        let Some(def_id2) = old_glob_decl.res().opt_def_id() else { return false };
        self.def_path_str(def_id1).ends_with("tables::gsubgpos::Class")
            && self.def_path_str(def_id2).ends_with("ggg::Class")
    }

    fn is_pdf_0_9_0(&self, old_glob_decl: Decl<'ra>, glob_decl: Decl<'ra>) -> bool {
        let DeclKind::Import { import: i1, .. } = glob_decl.kind else { unreachable!() };
        let DeclKind::Import { import: i2, .. } = old_glob_decl.kind else { unreachable!() };
        let [seg1, seg2] = &i1.module_path[..] else { return false };
        if seg1.ident.name != kw::Crate || seg2.ident.name.as_str() != "content" {
            return false;
        }
        let [seg1, seg2] = &i2.module_path[..] else { return false };
        if seg1.ident.name != kw::Crate || seg2.ident.name.as_str() != "object" {
            return false;
        }
        let Some(def_id1) = glob_decl.res().opt_def_id() else { return false };
        let Some(def_id2) = old_glob_decl.res().opt_def_id() else { return false };
        self.def_path_str(def_id1).ends_with("crate::content::Rect")
            && self.def_path_str(def_id2).ends_with("crate::object::types::Rect")
    }

    fn is_net2_0_2_39(&self, old_glob_decl: Decl<'ra>, glob_decl: Decl<'ra>) -> bool {
        let DeclKind::Import { import: i1, .. } = glob_decl.kind else { unreachable!() };
        let DeclKind::Import { import: i2, .. } = old_glob_decl.kind else { unreachable!() };
        let [seg1, seg2, seg3, seg4] = &i1.module_path[..] else { return false };
        if seg1.ident.name != kw::PathRoot
            || seg2.ident.name.as_str() != "winapi"
            || seg3.ident.name.as_str() != "shared"
            || seg4.ident.name.as_str() != "ws2def"
        {
            return false;
        }
        let [seg1, seg2, seg3, seg4] = &i2.module_path[..] else { return false };
        if seg1.ident.name != kw::PathRoot
            || seg2.ident.name.as_str() != "winapi"
            || seg3.ident.name.as_str() != "um"
            || seg4.ident.name.as_str() != "winsock2"
        {
            return false;
        }
        let Some(def_id1) = glob_decl.res().opt_def_id() else { return false };
        let Some(def_id2) = old_glob_decl.res().opt_def_id() else { return false };
        self.def_path_str(def_id1).starts_with("winapi::shared::ws2def::")
            && self.def_path_str(def_id2).starts_with("winapi::um::winsock2::")
    }

    /// If `glob_decl` attempts to overwrite `old_glob_decl` in a module,
    /// decide which one to keep.
    fn select_glob_decl(&self, old_glob_decl: Decl<'ra>, glob_decl: Decl<'ra>) -> Decl<'ra> {
        assert!(glob_decl.is_glob_import());
        assert!(old_glob_decl.is_glob_import());
        assert_ne!(glob_decl, old_glob_decl);
        // `best_decl` with a given key in a module may be overwritten in a
        // number of cases (all of them can be seen below in the `match` in `try_define_local`),
        // all these overwrites will be re-fetched by glob imports importing
        // from that module without generating new ambiguities.
        // - A glob decl is overwritten by a non-glob decl arriving later.
        // - A glob decl is overwritten by a glob decl re-fetching an
        //   overwritten decl from other module (the recursive case).
        // Here we are detecting all such re-fetches and overwrite old decls
        // with the re-fetched decls.
        // This is probably incorrect in corner cases, and the outdated decls still get
        // propagated to other places and get stuck there, but that's what we have at the moment.
        let (old_deep_decl, deep_decl) = remove_same_import(old_glob_decl, glob_decl);
        if deep_decl != glob_decl {
            // Some import layers have been removed, need to overwrite.
            assert_ne!(old_deep_decl, old_glob_decl);
            assert!(!deep_decl.is_glob_import());
            if let Some((old_ambig, _)) = old_glob_decl.ambiguity.get()
                && glob_decl.ambiguity.get().is_none()
            {
                // Do not lose glob ambiguities when re-fetching the glob.
                glob_decl.ambiguity.set(Some((old_ambig, true)), self);
            }
            glob_decl
        } else if glob_decl.res() != old_glob_decl.res() {
            let warning = self.is_noise_0_7_0(old_glob_decl, glob_decl)
                || self.is_rustybuzz_0_4_0(old_glob_decl, glob_decl)
                || self.is_pdf_0_9_0(old_glob_decl, glob_decl)
                || self.is_net2_0_2_39(old_glob_decl, glob_decl);
            old_glob_decl.ambiguity.set(Some((glob_decl, warning)), self);
            old_glob_decl
        } else if let old_vis = old_glob_decl.vis()
            && let vis = glob_decl.vis()
            && old_vis != vis
        {
            // We are glob-importing the same item but with a different visibility.
            // All visibilities here are ordered because all of them are ancestors of `module`.
            if vis.greater_than(old_vis, self.tcx) {
                old_glob_decl.ambiguity_vis_max.set(Some(glob_decl), self);
            } else if let old_min_vis = old_glob_decl.min_vis()
                && old_min_vis != vis
                && old_min_vis.greater_than(vis, self.tcx)
            {
                old_glob_decl.ambiguity_vis_min.set(Some(glob_decl), self);
            }
            old_glob_decl
        } else if glob_decl.is_ambiguity_recursive() && !old_glob_decl.is_ambiguity_recursive() {
            // Overwriting a non-ambiguous glob import with an ambiguous glob import.
            old_glob_decl.ambiguity.set(Some((glob_decl, true)), self);
            old_glob_decl
        } else {
            old_glob_decl
        }
    }

    /// Attempt to put the declaration with the given name and namespace into the module,
    /// and return existing declaration if there is a collision.
    pub(crate) fn try_plant_decl_into_local_module(
        &mut self,
        ident: IdentKey,
        orig_ident_span: Span,
        ns: Namespace,
        decl: Decl<'ra>,
    ) -> Result<(), Decl<'ra>> {
        assert!(decl.ambiguity.get().is_none());
        assert!(decl.ambiguity_vis_max.get().is_none());
        assert!(decl.ambiguity_vis_min.get().is_none());
        let module = decl.parent_module.unwrap().expect_local();
        assert!(self.is_accessible_from(decl.vis(), module.to_module()));
        let res = decl.res();
        self.check_reserved_macro_name(ident.name, orig_ident_span, res);
        // Even if underscore names cannot be looked up, we still need to add them to modules,
        // because they can be fetched by glob imports from those modules, and bring traits
        // into scope both directly and through glob imports.
        let key = BindingKey::new_disambiguated(ident, ns, || {
            module.underscore_disambiguator.update(self, |d| d + 1);
            module.underscore_disambiguator.get()
        });
        self.update_local_resolution(module, key, orig_ident_span, |this, resolution| {
            if res == Res::Err
                && let Some(old_decl) = resolution.best_decl()
                && old_decl.res() != Res::Err
            {
                // Do not override real declarations with `Res::Err`s from error recovery.
                // FIXME: this special case shouldn't be necessary, but removing it triggers an ICE
                // due to some other issues (#157406, tests/ui/imports/dummy-import-ice.rs).
                return Ok(());
            }
            if decl.is_glob_import() {
                resolution.glob_decl = Some(match resolution.glob_decl {
                    Some(old_decl) => this.select_glob_decl(old_decl, decl),
                    None => decl,
                });
            } else {
                resolution.non_glob_decl = Some(match resolution.non_glob_decl {
                    Some(old_decl) => return Err(old_decl),
                    None => decl,
                })
            }

            Ok(())
        })
    }

    // Use `f` to mutate the resolution of the name in the module.
    // If the resolution becomes a success, define it in the module's glob importers.
    fn update_local_resolution<T, F>(
        &mut self,
        module: LocalModule<'ra>,
        key: BindingKey,
        orig_ident_span: Span,
        f: F,
    ) -> T
    where
        F: FnOnce(&Resolver<'ra, 'tcx>, &mut NameResolution<'ra>) -> T,
    {
        // Ensure that `resolution` isn't borrowed when defining in the module's glob importers,
        // during which the resolution might end up getting re-defined via a glob cycle.
        let (binding, t) = {
            let resolution = &mut *self
                .resolution_or_default(module.to_module(), key, orig_ident_span)
                .borrow_mut(self);
            let old_decl = resolution.determined_decl();
            let old_vis = old_decl.map(|d| d.vis());

            let t = f(self, resolution);

            if let Some(binding) = resolution.determined_decl()
                && (old_decl != Some(binding) || old_vis != Some(binding.vis()))
            {
                (binding, t)
            } else {
                return t;
            }
        };

        let Ok(glob_importers) = module.glob_importers.try_borrow_mut(self) else {
            return t;
        };

        // Define or update `binding` in `module`s glob importers.
        for import in glob_importers.iter() {
            let mut ident = key.ident;
            let scope = match ident
                .ctxt
                .update_unchecked(|ctxt| ctxt.reverse_glob_adjust(module.expansion, import.span))
            {
                Some(Some(def)) => self.expn_def_scope(def),
                Some(None) => import.parent_scope.module,
                None => continue,
            };
            if self.is_accessible_from(binding.vis(), scope) {
                let import_decl = self.new_import_decl(binding, *import);
                self.try_plant_decl_into_local_module(ident, orig_ident_span, key.ns, import_decl)
                    .expect("planting a glob cannot fail");
            }
        }

        t
    }

    // Define a dummy resolution containing a `Res::Err` as a placeholder for a failed
    // or indeterminate resolution, also mark such failed imports as used to avoid duplicate diagnostics.
    fn import_dummy_binding(&mut self, import: Import<'ra>, is_indeterminate: bool) {
        if let ImportKind::Single { target, ref decls, .. } = import.kind {
            if !(is_indeterminate || decls.iter().all(|d| d.get().decl().is_none())) {
                return; // Has resolution, do not create the dummy binding
            }
            let dummy_decl = self.dummy_decl;
            let dummy_decl = self.new_import_decl(dummy_decl, import);
            self.per_ns(|this, ns| {
                let ident = IdentKey::new(target);
                // This can fail, dummies are inserted only in non-occupied slots.
                let _ = this.try_plant_decl_into_local_module(ident, target.span, ns, dummy_decl);
                // Don't remove underscores from `single_imports`, they were never added.
                if target.name != kw::Underscore {
                    let key = BindingKey::new(ident, ns);
                    this.update_local_resolution(
                        import.parent_scope.module.expect_local(),
                        key,
                        target.span,
                        |_, resolution| {
                            resolution.single_imports.swap_remove(&import);
                        },
                    )
                }
            });
            self.record_use(target, dummy_decl, Used::Other);
        } else if import.imported_module.get().is_none() {
            self.import_use_map.insert(import, Used::Other);
            if let Some(id) = import.id() {
                self.used_imports.insert(id);
            }
        }
    }

    // Import resolution
    //
    // This is a batched fixed-point algorithm. Each import is resolved in
    // isolation, with any resolutions collected for later.
    // After a full pass over the current set of `indeterminate_imports`,
    // the collected resolutions are committed together. The process
    // repeats until either no imports remain or no further progress can
    // be made.

    /// Resolves all imports for the crate. This method performs the fixed-
    /// point iteration.
    pub(crate) fn resolve_imports(&mut self) {
        let mut prev_indeterminate_count = usize::MAX;
        let mut indeterminate_count = self.indeterminate_imports.len() * 3;
        while indeterminate_count < prev_indeterminate_count {
            prev_indeterminate_count = indeterminate_count;
            indeterminate_count = 0;
            let mut resolutions = Vec::new();
            self.assert_speculative = true;
            for import in mem::take(&mut self.indeterminate_imports) {
                let (resolution, import_indeterminate_count) = self.cm().resolve_import(import);
                indeterminate_count += import_indeterminate_count;
                match import_indeterminate_count {
                    0 => self.determined_imports.push(import),
                    _ => self.indeterminate_imports.push(import),
                }
                if let Some(resolution) = resolution {
                    resolutions.push((import, resolution));
                }
            }
            self.assert_speculative = false;
            self.write_import_resolutions(resolutions);
        }
    }

    fn write_import_resolutions(
        &mut self,
        import_resolutions: Vec<(Import<'ra>, ImportResolution<'ra>)>,
    ) {
        for (import, resolution) in &import_resolutions {
            let ImportResolution { imported_module, .. } = resolution;
            import.imported_module.set(Some(*imported_module), self);

            if import.is_glob()
                && let ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(module) = imported_module
                && import.parent_scope.module != *module
                && module.is_local()
            {
                module.glob_importers.borrow_mut(self).push(*import);
            }
        }

        for (import, resolution) in import_resolutions {
            let ImportResolution { imported_module, kind: resolution_kind } = resolution;

            match (&import.kind, resolution_kind) {
                (
                    ImportKind::Single { target, decls, .. },
                    ImportResolutionKind::Single(import_decls),
                ) => {
                    self.per_ns(|this, ns| {
                        match import_decls[ns] {
                            PendingDecl::Ready(Some(import_decl)) => {
                                if import_decl.is_assoc_item()
                                    && !this.features.import_trait_associated_functions()
                                {
                                    feature_err(
                                        this.tcx.sess,
                                        sym::import_trait_associated_functions,
                                        import.span,
                                        "`use` associated items of traits is unstable",
                                    )
                                    .emit();
                                }
                                this.plant_decl_into_local_module(
                                    IdentKey::new(*target),
                                    target.span,
                                    ns,
                                    import_decl,
                                );
                                decls[ns].set(PendingDecl::Ready(Some(import_decl)), this);
                            }
                            PendingDecl::Ready(None) => {
                                // Don't remove underscores from `single_imports`, they were never added.
                                if target.name != kw::Underscore {
                                    let key = BindingKey::new(IdentKey::new(*target), ns);
                                    this.update_local_resolution(
                                        import.parent_scope.module.expect_local(),
                                        key,
                                        target.span,
                                        |_, resolution| {
                                            resolution.single_imports.swap_remove(&import);
                                        },
                                    );
                                }
                                decls[ns].set(PendingDecl::Ready(None), this);
                            }
                            PendingDecl::Pending => {}
                        }
                    });
                }
                (ImportKind::Glob { id, .. }, ImportResolutionKind::Glob(imported_decls)) => {
                    let ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(module) = imported_module else {
                        self.dcx().emit_err(CannotGlobImportAllCrates { span: import.span });
                        continue;
                    };

                    if module.is_trait() && !self.features.import_trait_associated_functions() {
                        feature_err(
                            self.tcx.sess,
                            sym::import_trait_associated_functions,
                            import.span,
                            "`use` associated items of traits is unstable",
                        )
                        .emit();
                    }

                    for (binding, key, orig_ident_span) in imported_decls {
                        let import_decl = self.new_import_decl(binding, import);
                        let _ = self
                            .try_plant_decl_into_local_module(
                                key.ident,
                                orig_ident_span,
                                key.ns,
                                import_decl,
                            )
                            .expect("planting a glob cannot fail");
                    }

                    self.record_partial_res(*id, PartialRes::new(module.res().unwrap()));
                }

                // Something weird happened, which shouldn't have happened.
                _ => unreachable!("mismatched import and resolution kind"),
            }
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn finalize_imports(&mut self) {
        let mut module_children = Default::default();
        let mut ambig_module_children = Default::default();
        for module in &self.local_modules {
            self.finalize_resolutions_in(*module, &mut module_children, &mut ambig_module_children);
        }
        self.module_children = module_children;
        self.ambig_module_children = ambig_module_children;

        let mut seen_spans = FxHashSet::default();
        let mut errors = vec![];
        let mut prev_root_id: NodeId = NodeId::ZERO;
        let determined_imports = mem::take(&mut self.determined_imports);
        let indeterminate_imports = mem::take(&mut self.indeterminate_imports);

        let mut glob_error = false;
        for (is_indeterminate, import) in determined_imports
            .iter()
            .map(|i| (false, i))
            .chain(indeterminate_imports.iter().map(|i| (true, i)))
        {
            let unresolved_import_error = self.finalize_import(*import);
            // If this import is unresolved then create a dummy import
            // resolution for it so that later resolve stages won't complain.
            self.import_dummy_binding(*import, is_indeterminate);

            let Some(err) = unresolved_import_error else { continue };

            glob_error |= import.is_glob();

            if let ImportKind::Single { source, ref decls, .. } = import.kind
                && source.name == kw::SelfLower
                // Silence `unresolved import` error if E0429 is already emitted
                && let PendingDecl::Ready(None) = decls.value_ns.get()
            {
                continue;
            }

            if prev_root_id != NodeId::ZERO && prev_root_id != import.root_id && !errors.is_empty()
            {
                // In the case of a new import line, throw a diagnostic message
                // for the previous line.
                self.throw_unresolved_import_error(errors, glob_error);
                errors = vec![];
            }
            if seen_spans.insert(err.span) {
                errors.push((*import, err));
                prev_root_id = import.root_id;
            }
        }

        if self.cstore().had_extern_crate_load_failure() {
            self.tcx.sess.dcx().abort_if_errors();
        }

        if !errors.is_empty() {
            self.throw_unresolved_import_error(errors, glob_error);
            return;
        }

        for import in &indeterminate_imports {
            let path = import_path_to_string(
                &import.module_path.iter().map(|seg| seg.ident).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
                &import.kind,
                import.span,
            );
            // FIXME: there should be a better way of doing this than
            // formatting this as a string then checking for `::`
            if path.contains("::") {
                let err = UnresolvedImportError {
                    span: import.span,
                    label: None,
                    note: None,
                    suggestion: None,
                    candidates: None,
                    segment: None,
                    module: None,
                    on_unknown_attr: import.on_unknown_attr.clone(),
                };
                errors.push((*import, err))
            }
        }

        if !errors.is_empty() {
            self.throw_unresolved_import_error(errors, glob_error);
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn lint_reexports(&mut self, exported_ambiguities: FxHashSet<Decl<'ra>>) {
        for module in &self.local_modules {
            for (key, resolution) in self.resolutions(module.to_module()).borrow().iter() {
                let resolution = resolution.borrow();
                let Some(binding) = resolution.best_decl() else { continue };

                // Report "cannot reexport" errors for exotic cases involving macros 2.0
                // privacy bending or invariant-breaking code under deprecation lints.
                for decl in [resolution.non_glob_decl, resolution.glob_decl] {
                    if let Some(decl) = decl
                        && let DeclKind::Import { source_decl, import } = decl.kind
                        // FIXME: Do not check visibility-ambiguous imports for now. To check them
                        // properly we need to preserve all imports in ambiguous glob sets and
                        // check them all individually.
                        && decl.ambiguity_vis_max.get().is_none()
                    {
                        // The source entity is too private to be reexported
                        // with the given import declaration's visibility.
                        let ord = source_decl.vis().partial_cmp(decl.vis(), self.tcx);
                        if matches!(ord, None | Some(Ordering::Less)) {
                            let ident = match import.kind {
                                ImportKind::Single { source, .. } => source,
                                _ => key.ident.orig(resolution.orig_ident_span),
                            };
                            if let Some(lint) =
                                self.report_cannot_reexport(import, source_decl, ident, key.ns)
                            {
                                self.lint_buffer.add_early_lint(lint);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                if let DeclKind::Import { import, .. } = binding.kind
                    && let Some((amb_binding, _)) = binding.ambiguity.get()
                    && binding.res() != Res::Err
                    && exported_ambiguities.contains(&binding)
                {
                    self.lint_buffer.buffer_lint(
                        AMBIGUOUS_GLOB_REEXPORTS,
                        import.root_id,
                        import.root_span,
                        diagnostics::AmbiguousGlobReexports {
                            name: key.ident.name.to_string(),
                            namespace: key.ns.descr().to_string(),
                            first_reexport: import.root_span,
                            duplicate_reexport: amb_binding.span,
                        },
                    );
                }

                if let Some(glob_decl) = resolution.glob_decl
                    && resolution.non_glob_decl.is_some()
                {
                    if binding.res() != Res::Err
                        && glob_decl.res() != Res::Err
                        && let DeclKind::Import { import: glob_import, .. } = glob_decl.kind
                        && let Some(glob_import_def_id) = glob_import.def_id()
                        && self.effective_visibilities.is_exported(glob_import_def_id)
                        && glob_decl.vis().is_public()
                        && !binding.vis().is_public()
                    {
                        let binding_id = match binding.kind {
                            DeclKind::Def(res) => {
                                Some(self.def_id_to_node_id(res.def_id().expect_local()))
                            }
                            DeclKind::Import { import, .. } => import.id(),
                        };
                        if let Some(binding_id) = binding_id {
                            self.lint_buffer.buffer_lint(
                                HIDDEN_GLOB_REEXPORTS,
                                binding_id,
                                binding.span,
                                diagnostics::HiddenGlobReexports {
                                    name: key.ident.name.to_string(),
                                    namespace: key.ns.descr().to_owned(),
                                    glob_reexport: glob_decl.span,
                                    private_item: binding.span,
                                },
                            );
                        }
                    }
                }

                if let DeclKind::Import { import, .. } = binding.kind
                    && let Some(binding_id) = import.id()
                    && let import_def_id = import.def_id().unwrap()
                    && self.effective_visibilities.is_exported(import_def_id)
                    && let Res::Def(reexported_kind, reexported_def_id) = binding.res()
                    && !matches!(reexported_kind, DefKind::Ctor(..))
                    && !reexported_def_id.is_local()
                    && self.tcx.is_private_dep(reexported_def_id.krate)
                {
                    self.lint_buffer.buffer_lint(
                        EXPORTED_PRIVATE_DEPENDENCIES,
                        binding_id,
                        binding.span,
                        crate::diagnostics::ReexportPrivateDependency {
                            name: key.ident.name,
                            kind: binding.res().descr(),
                            krate: self.tcx.crate_name(reexported_def_id.krate),
                        },
                    );
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// Attempts to resolve the given import, returning:
    /// - `0` means its resolution is determined.
    /// - Other values mean that indeterminate exists under certain namespaces.
    ///
    /// Meanwhile, if resolution is successful, its result is returned.
    fn resolve_import<'r>(
        mut self: CmResolver<'r, 'ra, 'tcx>,
        import: Import<'ra>,
    ) -> (Option<ImportResolution<'ra>>, usize) {
        debug!(
            "(resolving import for module) resolving import `{}::{}` in `{}`",
            Segment::names_to_string(&import.module_path),
            import_kind_to_string(&import.kind),
            module_to_string(import.parent_scope.module).unwrap_or_else(|| "???".to_string()),
        );
        let module = if let Some(module) = import.imported_module.get() {
            module
        } else {
            let path_res = self.reborrow().maybe_resolve_path(
                &import.module_path,
                None,
                &import.parent_scope,
                Some(import),
            );

            match path_res {
                PathResult::Module(module) => module,
                PathResult::Indeterminate => return (None, 3),
                PathResult::NonModule(..) | PathResult::Failed { .. } => return (None, 0),
            }
        };

        let (source, bindings) = match import.kind {
            ImportKind::Single { source, ref decls, .. } => (source, decls),
            ImportKind::Glob { .. } => {
                let import_resolution = ImportResolution {
                    imported_module: module,
                    kind: self.resolve_glob_import(import, module),
                };
                return (Some(import_resolution), 0);
            }
            _ => unreachable!(),
        };

        let mut import_decls = PerNS::default();
        let mut indeterminate_count = 0;
        self.per_ns_cm(|mut this, ns| {
            if bindings[ns].get() != PendingDecl::Pending {
                return;
            };
            let binding_result = this.reborrow().maybe_resolve_ident_in_module(
                module,
                source,
                ns,
                &import.parent_scope,
                Some(import),
            );
            let pending_decl = match binding_result {
                Ok(binding) => {
                    // We need the `target`, `source` can be extracted.
                    let import_decl = this.new_import_decl(binding, import);
                    PendingDecl::Ready(Some(import_decl))
                }
                Err(Determinacy::Determined) => PendingDecl::Ready(None),
                Err(Determinacy::Undetermined) => {
                    indeterminate_count += 1;
                    PendingDecl::Pending
                }
            };
            import_decls[ns] = pending_decl;
        });
        let import_resolution = ImportResolution {
            imported_module: module,
            kind: ImportResolutionKind::Single(import_decls),
        };

        (Some(import_resolution), indeterminate_count)
    }

    /// Performs final import resolution, consistency checks and error reporting.
    ///
    /// Optionally returns an unresolved import error. This error is buffered and used to
    /// consolidate multiple unresolved import errors into a single diagnostic.
    fn finalize_import(&mut self, import: Import<'ra>) -> Option<UnresolvedImportError> {
        let ignore_decl = match &import.kind {
            ImportKind::Single { decls, .. } => decls[TypeNS].get().decl(),
            _ => None,
        };
        let ambiguity_errors_len = |errors: &Vec<AmbiguityError<'_>>| {
            errors.iter().filter(|error| error.warning.is_none()).count()
        };
        let prev_ambiguity_errors_len = ambiguity_errors_len(&self.ambiguity_errors);
        let finalize = Finalize::with_root_span(import.root_id, import.span, import.root_span);

        // We'll provide more context to the privacy errors later, up to `len`.
        let privacy_errors_len = self.privacy_errors.len();

        let path_res = self.cm().resolve_path(
            &import.module_path,
            None,
            &import.parent_scope,
            Some(finalize),
            ignore_decl,
            Some(import),
        );

        let no_ambiguity =
            ambiguity_errors_len(&self.ambiguity_errors) == prev_ambiguity_errors_len;

        let module = match path_res {
            PathResult::Module(module) => {
                // Consistency checks, analogous to `finalize_macro_resolutions`.
                if let Some(initial_module) = import.imported_module.get() {
                    if module != initial_module && no_ambiguity && !self.issue_145575_hack_applied {
                        span_bug!(import.span, "inconsistent resolution for an import");
                    }
                } else if self.privacy_errors.is_empty() {
                    self.dcx()
                        .create_err(CannotDetermineImportResolution { span: import.span })
                        .emit();
                }

                module
            }
            PathResult::Failed {
                is_error_from_last_segment: false,
                span,
                segment,
                label,
                suggestion,
                module,
                error_implied_by_parse_error: _,
                message,
                note: _,
            } => {
                if no_ambiguity {
                    if !self.issue_145575_hack_applied {
                        assert!(import.imported_module.get().is_none());
                    }
                    self.report_error(
                        span,
                        ResolutionError::FailedToResolve {
                            segment: segment.name,
                            label,
                            suggestion,
                            module,
                            message,
                        },
                    );
                }
                return None;
            }
            PathResult::Failed {
                is_error_from_last_segment: true,
                span,
                label,
                suggestion,
                module,
                segment,
                note,
                ..
            } => {
                if no_ambiguity {
                    if !self.issue_145575_hack_applied {
                        assert!(import.imported_module.get().is_none());
                    }
                    let module = if let Some(ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(m)) = module {
                        m.opt_def_id()
                    } else {
                        None
                    };
                    let err = match self
                        .make_path_suggestion(import.module_path.clone(), &import.parent_scope)
                    {
                        Some((suggestion, note)) => UnresolvedImportError {
                            span,
                            label: None,
                            note,
                            suggestion: Some((
                                vec![(span, Segment::names_to_string(&suggestion))],
                                String::from("a similar path exists"),
                                Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
                            )),
                            candidates: None,
                            segment: Some(segment),
                            module,
                            on_unknown_attr: import.on_unknown_attr.clone(),
                        },
                        None => UnresolvedImportError {
                            span,
                            label: Some(label),
                            note,
                            suggestion,
                            candidates: None,
                            segment: Some(segment),
                            module,
                            on_unknown_attr: import.on_unknown_attr.clone(),
                        },
                    };
                    return Some(err);
                }
                return None;
            }
            PathResult::NonModule(partial_res) => {
                if no_ambiguity && partial_res.full_res() != Some(Res::Err) {
                    // Check if there are no ambiguities and the result is not dummy.
                    assert!(import.imported_module.get().is_none());
                }
                // The error was already reported earlier.
                return None;
            }
            PathResult::Indeterminate => unreachable!(),
        };

        let (ident, target, bindings, import_id) = match import.kind {
            ImportKind::Single { source, target, ref decls, id, .. } => (source, target, decls, id),
            ImportKind::Glob { ref max_vis, id, def_id } => {
                if import.module_path.len() <= 1 {
                    // HACK(eddyb) `lint_if_path_starts_with_module` needs at least
                    // 2 segments, so the `resolve_path` above won't trigger it.
                    let mut full_path = import.module_path.clone();
                    full_path.push(Segment::from_ident(Ident::dummy()));
                    self.lint_if_path_starts_with_module(finalize, &full_path, None);
                }

                if let ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(module) = module
                    && module == import.parent_scope.module
                {
                    // Importing a module into itself is not allowed.
                    return Some(UnresolvedImportError {
                        span: import.span,
                        label: Some(String::from("cannot glob-import a module into itself")),
                        note: None,
                        suggestion: None,
                        candidates: None,
                        segment: None,
                        module: None,
                        on_unknown_attr: None,
                    });
                }
                if let Some(max_vis) = max_vis.get()
                    && import.vis.greater_than(max_vis, self.tcx)
                {
                    self.lint_buffer.buffer_lint(
                        UNUSED_IMPORTS,
                        id,
                        import.span,
                        crate::diagnostics::RedundantImportVisibility {
                            span: import.span,
                            help: (),
                            max_vis: max_vis.to_string(def_id, self.tcx),
                            import_vis: import.vis.to_string(def_id, self.tcx),
                        },
                    );
                }
                return None;
            }
            _ => unreachable!(),
        };

        if self.privacy_errors.len() != privacy_errors_len {
            // Get the Res for the last element, so that we can point to alternative ways of
            // importing it if available.
            let mut path = import.module_path.clone();
            path.push(Segment::from_ident(ident));
            if let PathResult::Module(ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(module)) = self.cm().resolve_path(
                &path,
                None,
                &import.parent_scope,
                Some(finalize),
                ignore_decl,
                None,
            ) {
                let res = module.res().map(|r| (r, ident));
                for error in &mut self.privacy_errors[privacy_errors_len..] {
                    error.outermost_res = res;
                }
            } else {
                // The final item is not a module (e.g., a struct, function, or macro).
                // Resolve it directly in the parent module to get its Res, so
                // `report_privacy_error()` can search for public re-export paths.
                for ns in [TypeNS, ValueNS, MacroNS] {
                    if let Ok(binding) = self.cm().resolve_ident_in_module(
                        module,
                        ident,
                        ns,
                        &import.parent_scope,
                        None,
                        ignore_decl,
                        None,
                    ) {
                        let res = binding.res();
                        for error in &mut self.privacy_errors[privacy_errors_len..] {
                            error.outermost_res = Some((res, ident));
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        let mut all_ns_err = true;
        self.per_ns(|this, ns| {
            let binding = this.cm().resolve_ident_in_module(
                module,
                ident,
                ns,
                &import.parent_scope,
                Some(Finalize {
                    report_private: false,
                    import: Some(import.summary()),
                    ..finalize
                }),
                bindings[ns].get().decl(),
                Some(import),
            );

            match binding {
                Ok(binding) => {
                    // Consistency checks, analogous to `finalize_macro_resolutions`.
                    let initial_res = bindings[ns].get().decl().map(|binding| {
                        let initial_binding = binding.import_source();
                        all_ns_err = false;
                        if target.name == kw::Underscore
                            && initial_binding.is_extern_crate()
                            && !initial_binding.is_import()
                        {
                            let used = if import.module_path.is_empty() {
                                Used::Scope
                            } else {
                                Used::Other
                            };
                            this.record_use(ident, binding, used);
                        }
                        initial_binding.res()
                    });
                    let res = binding.res();
                    let has_ambiguity_error =
                        this.ambiguity_errors.iter().any(|error| error.warning.is_none());
                    if res == Res::Err || has_ambiguity_error {
                        this.dcx()
                            .span_delayed_bug(import.span, "some error happened for an import");
                        return;
                    }
                    if let Some(initial_res) = initial_res {
                        if res != initial_res && !this.issue_145575_hack_applied {
                            span_bug!(import.span, "inconsistent resolution for an import");
                        }
                    } else if this.privacy_errors.is_empty() {
                        this.dcx()
                            .create_err(CannotDetermineImportResolution { span: import.span })
                            .emit();
                    }
                }
                Err(..) => {
                    // FIXME: This assert may fire if public glob is later shadowed by a private
                    // single import (see test `issue-55884-2.rs`). In theory single imports should
                    // always block globs, even if they are not yet resolved, so that this kind of
                    // self-inconsistent resolution never happens.
                    // Re-enable the assert when the issue is fixed.
                    // assert!(result[ns].get().is_err());
                }
            }
        });

        if all_ns_err {
            let mut all_ns_failed = true;
            self.per_ns(|this, ns| {
                let binding = this.cm().resolve_ident_in_module(
                    module,
                    ident,
                    ns,
                    &import.parent_scope,
                    Some(finalize),
                    None,
                    None,
                );
                if binding.is_ok() {
                    all_ns_failed = false;
                }
            });

            return if all_ns_failed {
                let names = match module {
                    ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(module) => {
                        self.resolutions(module)
                            .borrow()
                            .iter()
                            .filter_map(|(BindingKey { ident: i, .. }, resolution)| {
                                if i.name == ident.name {
                                    return None;
                                } // Never suggest the same name
                                if i.name == kw::Underscore {
                                    return None;
                                } // `use _` is never valid

                                let resolution = resolution.borrow();
                                if let Some(name_binding) = resolution.best_decl() {
                                    match name_binding.kind {
                                        DeclKind::Import { source_decl, .. } => {
                                            match source_decl.kind {
                                                // Never suggest names that previously could not
                                                // be resolved.
                                                DeclKind::Def(Res::Err) => None,
                                                _ => Some(i.name),
                                            }
                                        }
                                        _ => Some(i.name),
                                    }
                                } else if resolution.single_imports.is_empty() {
                                    None
                                } else {
                                    Some(i.name)
                                }
                            })
                            .collect()
                    }
                    _ => Vec::new(),
                };

                let lev_suggestion =
                    find_best_match_for_name(&names, ident.name, None).map(|suggestion| {
                        (
                            vec![(ident.span, suggestion.to_string())],
                            String::from("a similar name exists in the module"),
                            Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
                        )
                    });

                let (suggestion, note) =
                    match self.check_for_module_export_macro(import, module, ident) {
                        Some((suggestion, note)) => (suggestion.or(lev_suggestion), note),
                        _ => (lev_suggestion, None),
                    };

                // If importing of trait asscoiated items is enabled, an also find an
                // `Enum`, then note that inherent associated items cannot be imported.
                let note = if self.features.import_trait_associated_functions()
                    && let PathResult::Module(ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(m)) = path_res
                    && let Some(Res::Def(DefKind::Enum, _)) = m.res()
                {
                    note.or(Some(
                        "cannot import inherent associated items, only trait associated items"
                            .to_string(),
                    ))
                } else {
                    note
                };

                let label = match module {
                    ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(module) => {
                        let module_str = module_to_string(module);
                        if let Some(module_str) = module_str {
                            format!("no `{ident}` in `{module_str}`")
                        } else {
                            format!("no `{ident}` in the root")
                        }
                    }
                    _ => {
                        if !ident.is_path_segment_keyword() {
                            format!("no external crate `{ident}`")
                        } else {
                            // HACK(eddyb) this shows up for `self` & `super`, which
                            // should work instead - for now keep the same error message.
                            format!("no `{ident}` in the root")
                        }
                    }
                };

                let parent_suggestion =
                    self.lookup_import_candidates(ident, TypeNS, &import.parent_scope, |_| true);

                Some(UnresolvedImportError {
                    span: import.span,
                    label: Some(label),
                    note,
                    suggestion,
                    candidates: if !parent_suggestion.is_empty() {
                        Some(parent_suggestion)
                    } else {
                        None
                    },
                    module: import.imported_module.get().and_then(|module| {
                        if let ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(m) = module {
                            m.opt_def_id()
                        } else {
                            None
                        }
                    }),
                    segment: Some(ident),
                    on_unknown_attr: import.on_unknown_attr.clone(),
                })
            } else {
                // `resolve_ident_in_module` reported a privacy error.
                None
            };
        }

        let mut reexport_error = None;
        let mut any_successful_reexport = false;
        self.per_ns(|this, ns| {
            let Some(binding) = bindings[ns].get().decl() else {
                return;
            };

            if import.vis.greater_than(binding.vis(), this.tcx) {
                // In isolation, a declaration like this is not an error, but if *all* 1-3
                // declarations introduced by the import are more private than the import item's
                // nominal visibility, then it's an error.
                reexport_error = Some((ns, binding.import_source()));
            } else {
                any_successful_reexport = true;
            }
        });

        if !any_successful_reexport {
            let (ns, binding) = reexport_error.unwrap();
            if let Some(lint) = self.report_cannot_reexport(import, binding, ident, ns) {
                self.lint_buffer.add_early_lint(lint);
            }
        }

        if import.module_path.len() <= 1 {
            // HACK(eddyb) `lint_if_path_starts_with_module` needs at least
            // 2 segments, so the `resolve_path` above won't trigger it.
            let mut full_path = import.module_path.clone();
            full_path.push(Segment::from_ident(ident));
            self.per_ns(|this, ns| {
                if let Some(binding) = bindings[ns].get().decl().map(|b| b.import_source()) {
                    this.lint_if_path_starts_with_module(finalize, &full_path, Some(binding));
                }
            });
        }

        // Record what this import resolves to for later uses in documentation,
        // this may resolve to either a value or a type, but for documentation
        // purposes it's good enough to just favor one over the other.
        self.per_ns(|this, ns| {
            if let Some(binding) = bindings[ns].get().decl().map(|b| b.import_source()) {
                this.owners.get_mut(&import_id).unwrap().import_res[ns] = Some(binding.res());
            }
        });

        debug!("(resolving single import) successfully resolved import");
        None
    }

    fn report_cannot_reexport(
        &self,
        import: Import<'ra>,
        decl: Decl<'ra>,
        ident: Ident,
        ns: Namespace,
    ) -> Option<BufferedEarlyLint> {
        let crate_private_reexport = match decl.vis() {
            Visibility::Restricted(def_id) if def_id.is_top_level_module() => true,
            _ => false,
        };

        if let Some(extern_crate_id) = pub_use_of_private_extern_crate_hack(import.summary(), decl)
        {
            let ImportKind::Single { id, .. } = import.kind else { unreachable!() };
            let sugg = self.tcx.source_span(extern_crate_id).shrink_to_lo();
            let diagnostic = crate::diagnostics::PrivateExternCrateReexport { ident, sugg };
            return Some(BufferedEarlyLint {
                lint_id: LintId::of(PUB_USE_OF_PRIVATE_EXTERN_CRATE),
                node_id: id,
                span: Some(import.span.into()),
                diagnostic: diagnostic.into(),
            });
        } else if ns == TypeNS {
            let err = if crate_private_reexport {
                self.dcx().create_err(CannotBeReexportedCratePublicNS { span: import.span, ident })
            } else {
                self.dcx().create_err(CannotBeReexportedPrivateNS { span: import.span, ident })
            };
            err.emit();
        } else {
            let mut err = if crate_private_reexport {
                self.dcx().create_err(CannotBeReexportedCratePublic { span: import.span, ident })
            } else {
                self.dcx().create_err(CannotBeReexportedPrivate { span: import.span, ident })
            };

            match decl.kind {
                // exclude decl_macro
                DeclKind::Def(Res::Def(DefKind::Macro(_), def_id))
                    if let SyntaxExtensionKind::MacroRules(mr) =
                        &self.get_macro_by_def_id(def_id).kind
                        && mr.is_macro_rules() =>
                {
                    err.subdiagnostic(ConsiderAddingMacroExport { span: decl.span });
                    err.subdiagnostic(ConsiderMarkingAsPubCrate { vis_span: import.vis_span });
                }
                _ => {
                    err.subdiagnostic(ConsiderMarkingAsPub { span: import.span, ident });
                }
            }
            err.emit();
        }

        None
    }

    pub(crate) fn check_for_redundant_imports(&mut self, import: Import<'ra>) -> bool {
        // This function is only called for single imports.
        let ImportKind::Single { source, target, ref decls, id, def_id, .. } = import.kind else {
            unreachable!()
        };

        // Skip if the import is of the form `use source as target` and source != target.
        if source != target {
            return false;
        }

        // Skip if the import was produced by a macro.
        if import.parent_scope.expansion != LocalExpnId::ROOT {
            return false;
        }

        // Skip if we are inside a named module (in contrast to an anonymous
        // module defined by a block).
        // Skip if the import is public or was used through non scope-based resolution,
        // e.g. through a module-relative path.
        if self.import_use_map.get(&import) == Some(&Used::Other)
            || self.effective_visibilities.is_exported(def_id)
        {
            return false;
        }

        let mut is_redundant = true;
        let mut redundant_span = PerNS { value_ns: None, type_ns: None, macro_ns: None };
        self.per_ns(|this, ns| {
            let binding = decls[ns].get().decl().map(|b| b.import_source());
            if is_redundant && let Some(binding) = binding {
                if binding.res() == Res::Err {
                    return;
                }

                match this.cm().resolve_ident_in_scope_set(
                    target,
                    ScopeSet::All(ns),
                    &import.parent_scope,
                    None,
                    decls[ns].get().decl(),
                    None,
                ) {
                    Ok(other_binding) => {
                        is_redundant = binding.res() == other_binding.res()
                            && !other_binding.is_ambiguity_recursive();
                        if is_redundant {
                            redundant_span[ns] =
                                Some((other_binding.span, other_binding.is_import()));
                        }
                    }
                    Err(_) => is_redundant = false,
                }
            }
        });

        if is_redundant && !redundant_span.is_empty() {
            let mut redundant_spans: Vec<_> = redundant_span.present_items().collect();
            redundant_spans.sort();
            redundant_spans.dedup();
            self.lint_buffer.dyn_buffer_lint(
                REDUNDANT_IMPORTS,
                id,
                import.span,
                move |dcx, level| {
                    let ident = source;
                    let subs = redundant_spans
                        .into_iter()
                        .map(|(span, is_imported)| match (span.is_dummy(), is_imported) {
                            (false, true) => {
                                diagnostics::RedundantImportSub::ImportedHere { span, ident }
                            }
                            (false, false) => {
                                diagnostics::RedundantImportSub::DefinedHere { span, ident }
                            }
                            (true, true) => {
                                diagnostics::RedundantImportSub::ImportedPrelude { span, ident }
                            }
                            (true, false) => {
                                diagnostics::RedundantImportSub::DefinedPrelude { span, ident }
                            }
                        })
                        .collect();
                    diagnostics::RedundantImport { subs, ident }.into_diag(dcx, level)
                },
            );
            return true;
        }

        false
    }

    fn resolve_glob_import(
        &self,
        import: Import<'ra>,
        imported_module: ModuleOrUniformRoot<'ra>,
    ) -> ImportResolutionKind<'ra> {
        let import_bindings = match imported_module {
            ModuleOrUniformRoot::Module(module) if module != import.parent_scope.module => self
                .resolutions(module)
                .borrow()
                .iter()
                .filter_map(|(key, resolution)| {
                    let res = resolution.borrow();
                    let decl = res.determined_decl()?;
                    let mut key = *key;
                    let scope = match key.ident.ctxt.update_unchecked(|ctxt| {
                        ctxt.reverse_glob_adjust(module.expansion, import.span)
                    }) {
                        Some(Some(def)) => self.expn_def_scope(def),
                        Some(None) => import.parent_scope.module,
                        None => return None,
                    };
                    self.is_accessible_from(decl.vis(), scope).then_some((
                        decl,
                        key,
                        res.orig_ident_span,
                    ))
                })
                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),

            // Errors are reported in `write_imports_resolutions`
            _ => vec![],
        };

        ImportResolutionKind::Glob(import_bindings)
    }

    // Hack for the `rust_embed` regression observed in the crater run of #145108.
    fn rust_embed_hack(&self, module: LocalModule<'ra>, decl: Decl<'ra>) -> bool {
        // We are looking for this pattern:
        // ```rust
        // #[macro_use]
        // extern crate rust_embed_impl;
        // pub use rust_embed_impl::*;
        //
        // pub use RustEmbed as Embed;
        // ```
        if let DeclKind::Import { source_decl, import } = decl.kind
            // Check that `decl` is the re-export: "pub use RustEmbed as Embed;"
            && let ImportKind::Single { source, .. } = import.kind
            && source.name == sym::RustEmbed
            // make sure that the import points to the #[macro_use] import
            && let DeclKind::Import { import, .. } = source_decl.kind
            && matches!(import.kind, ImportKind::MacroUse { .. })
            && self.macro_use_prelude.contains_key(&source.name) // and that the name actually exists in the macro_use_prelude
            // Then check that `RustEmbed` exists in the modules Macro namespace.
            && let Some(y_decl) = self
                .resolution(module.to_module(), BindingKey::new(IdentKey::new(source), MacroNS))
                .and_then(|res| res.best_decl())
            // which comes from "pub use rust_embed_impl::*"
            && y_decl.is_glob_import()
            && y_decl.vis().is_public()
        {
            return true;
        }

        false
    }

    // Miscellaneous post-processing, including recording re-exports,
    // reporting conflicts, and reporting unresolved imports.
    fn finalize_resolutions_in(
        &self,
        module: LocalModule<'ra>,
        module_children: &mut LocalDefIdMap<Vec<ModChild>>,
        ambig_module_children: &mut LocalDefIdMap<Vec<AmbigModChild>>,
    ) {
        // Since import resolution is finished, globs will not define any more names.
        *module.globs.borrow_mut(self) = Vec::new();

        let Some(def_id) = module.opt_def_id() else { return };

        let mut children = Vec::new();
        let mut ambig_children = Vec::new();

        module.to_module().for_each_child(self, |this, ident, orig_ident_span, _, decl| {
            let res = decl.res().expect_non_local();
            if res != def::Res::Err {
                let vis = if this.rust_embed_hack(module, decl) {
                    Visibility::Public
                } else {
                    decl.vis()
                };
                let ident = ident.orig(orig_ident_span);
                let child = |reexport_chain| ModChild { ident, res, vis, reexport_chain };
                if let Some((ambig_binding1, ambig_binding2)) = decl.descent_to_ambiguity() {
                    let main = child(ambig_binding1.reexport_chain());
                    let second = ModChild {
                        ident,
                        res: ambig_binding2.res().expect_non_local(),
                        vis: ambig_binding2.vis(),
                        reexport_chain: ambig_binding2.reexport_chain(),
                    };
                    ambig_children.push(AmbigModChild { main, second })
                } else {
                    children.push(child(decl.reexport_chain()));
                }
            }
        });

        if !children.is_empty() {
            module_children.insert(def_id.expect_local(), children);
        }
        if !ambig_children.is_empty() {
            ambig_module_children.insert(def_id.expect_local(), ambig_children);
        }
    }
}

pub(crate) fn import_path_to_string(
    names: &[Ident],
    import_kind: &ImportKind<'_>,
    span: Span,
) -> String {
    let pos = names.iter().position(|p| span == p.span && p.name != kw::PathRoot);
    let global = !names.is_empty() && names[0].name == kw::PathRoot;
    if let Some(pos) = pos {
        let names = if global { &names[1..pos + 1] } else { &names[..pos + 1] };
        names_to_string(names.iter().map(|ident| ident.name))
    } else {
        let names = if global { &names[1..] } else { names };
        if names.is_empty() {
            import_kind_to_string(import_kind)
        } else {
            format!(
                "{}::{}",
                names_to_string(names.iter().map(|ident| ident.name)),
                import_kind_to_string(import_kind),
            )
        }
    }
}

fn import_kind_to_string(import_kind: &ImportKind<'_>) -> String {
    match import_kind {
        ImportKind::Single { source, .. } => source.to_string(),
        ImportKind::Glob { .. } => "*".to_string(),
        ImportKind::ExternCrate { .. } => "<extern crate>".to_string(),
        ImportKind::MacroUse { .. } => "#[macro_use]".to_string(),
        ImportKind::MacroExport => "#[macro_export]".to_string(),
    }
}