<body><meta charset="utf-8"></body><pre>------------------------------------------------------------
             α=3.0 —— Instance_15_1.0_3_1 —— 15 nodes       
------------------------------------------------------------
ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.1                  gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.23                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.16                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.12                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.12                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.16                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.13                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.12                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.1                  gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.17                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.38                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.24                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.2                  gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.39                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.05                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.36                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.15                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>       ILP ——— 16 hubs —— 1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16
total time           2.08                 gap                  0.0                  
blossom time         0                    nb blossom           0.0                  
LB <= UB             1611.93<=1611.93     subtour              19.0                 
connectivity cuts    37.0                 uc strategy          true                 
uc tolerance         0.01                 tildeV               2:15                 
2-opt strategy       0                                                              
explored_nodes       166                  n lazycuts edges     0.0                  
F                    183.0                post procedure       true                 
o_i                  0                    r_ij                 Euclidian()
          s_ij                 Euclidian()
                                                    <details><summary>Found solution</summary>
RING NODES
1—12—14—15—7—2—3—11—4—9—6—8—13—10—5—16

RING
1  --- 12 | cost [18.0]
1  --- 16 | cost [0.0]
2  ---  3 | cost [69.0]
2  ---  7 | cost [66.0]
3  --- 11 | cost [72.0]
4  ---  9 | cost [54.0]
4  --- 11 | cost [171.0]
5  --- 10 | cost [33.0]
5  --- 16 | cost [45.0]
6  ---  8 | cost [141.0]
6  ---  9 | cost [72.0]
7  --- 15 | cost [84.0]
8  --- 13 | cost [84.0]
10 --- 13 | cost [84.0]
12 --- 14 | cost [39.0]
14 --- 15 | cost [42.0]

STAR

BACKUP RING
1  --- 14 | cost [0.39]
2  --- 11 | cost [1.26]
2  --- 15 | cost [1.35]
3  ---  4 | cost [1.71]
3  ---  7 | cost [0.6]
4  ---  6 | cost [1.23]
5  --- 13 | cost [0.81]
6  --- 13 | cost [1.47]
7  --- 14 | cost [1.02]
8  ---  9 | cost [1.29]
8  --- 10 | cost [1.08]
9  --- 11 | cost [1.56]
10 --- 16 | cost [0.66]
12 --- 15 | cost [0.66]

BACKUP STAR

B = 1.71
i★ = 3
j★ = 11
k★ = 4
</details>
</details>
</pre>