/* radare - LGPL - Copyright 2015-2026 nodepad, pancake */

#include "mz.h"
#include <r_list.h>

static ut64 r_bin_mz_va_to_la(const ut16 segment, const ut16 offset) {
	return (segment << 4) + offset;
}

static ut64 r_bin_mz_la_to_pa(const struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *bin, ut64 la) {
	return la + (bin->dos_header->header_paragraphs << 4);
}

RBinAddr *r_bin_mz_get_entrypoint (const struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *bin) {
	if (!bin || !bin->dos_header) {
		return NULL;
	}

	const MZ_image_dos_header *dh = bin->dos_header;
	ut64 la = r_bin_mz_va_to_la (dh->cs, dh->ip);
	la &= 0xfffff;
	if (la >= bin->load_module_size) {
		R_LOG_ERROR ("entry point outside load module");
		return NULL;
	}
	RBinAddr *ep = R_NEW0 (RBinAddr);
	ep->vaddr = la;
	ep->paddr = r_bin_mz_la_to_pa (bin, la);
	return ep;
}

static int cmp_sections(const void *a, const void *b) {
	const RBinSection *s_a = a;
	const RBinSection *s_b = b;
	return s_a->vaddr - s_b->vaddr;
}

static RBinSection *r_bin_mz_init_section(const struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *bin, ut64 laddr) {
	RBinSection *section = R_NEW0 (RBinSection);
	section->vaddr = laddr;
	return section;
}

RList *r_bin_mz_get_segments(const struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *bin, ut64 filesize) {
	RListIter *iter;
	MZ_image_relocation_entry *relocs;
	int i, num_relocs;
	ut16 ss;

	if (!bin || !bin->dos_header) {
		return NULL;
	}

	RList *res = r_list_newf (free);
	if (!res) {
		return NULL;
	}

	/* Add address of first segment to make sure that it is present
	 * even if there are no relocations or there isn't first segment in
	 * the relocations. */
	RBinSection *section = r_bin_mz_init_section (bin, 0);
	if (!section) {
		goto err_out;
	}
	r_list_add_sorted (res, section, cmp_sections);

	relocs = bin->relocation_entries;
	num_relocs = bin->dos_header->num_relocs;
	for (i = 0; i < num_relocs; i++) {
		RBinSection c;
		ut64 laddr, paddr, section_laddr;
		ut16 curr_seg;

		laddr = r_bin_mz_va_to_la (relocs[i].segment, relocs[i].offset);
		if ((laddr + 2) >= bin->load_module_size) {
			continue;
		}

		paddr = r_bin_mz_la_to_pa (bin, laddr);
		if (r_buf_size (bin->b) < paddr + 2) {
			continue;
		}
		curr_seg = r_buf_read_le16_at (bin->b, paddr);

		section_laddr = r_bin_mz_va_to_la (curr_seg, 0);
		if (section_laddr > bin->load_module_size) {
			continue;
		}

		c.vaddr = section_laddr;
		if (r_list_find (res, &c, cmp_sections)) {
			continue;
		}

		section = r_bin_mz_init_section (bin, section_laddr);
		if (!section) {
			goto err_out;
		}
		r_list_add_sorted (res, section, cmp_sections);
	}

	/* Add address of stack segment if it's inside the load module. */
	ss = bin->dos_header->ss;
	if (r_bin_mz_va_to_la (ss, 0) < bin->load_module_size) {
		section = r_bin_mz_init_section (bin, r_bin_mz_va_to_la (ss, 0));
		if (!section) {
			goto err_out;
		}
		r_list_add_sorted (res, section, cmp_sections);
	}

	/* Fixup sizes and addresses, set name, permissions and set add flag */
	int section_number = 0;
	r_list_foreach (res, iter, section) {
		section->name = r_str_newf ("seg_%03d", section_number);
		if (section_number) {
			RBinSection *p_section = iter->p->data;
			p_section->size = section->vaddr - p_section->vaddr;
			p_section->vsize = p_section->size;
		}
		section->vsize = section->size;
		section->paddr = r_bin_mz_la_to_pa (bin, section->vaddr);
		section->perm = r_str_rwx ("rwx");
		section->add = true;
		section->is_segment = true;
		section_number++;
	}
	section = r_list_last (res);
	section->size = bin->load_module_size - section->vaddr;
	section->vsize = section->size;

	const MZ_image_dos_header *dh = bin->dos_header;

	ut64 hdroff = dh->header_paragraphs * 16;
	section = R_NEW0 (RBinSection);
	section->name = strdup (".mzhdr");
	section->paddr = 0;
	section->vsize = hdroff;
	section->size = hdroff;
	section->perm = R_PERM_R;
	r_list_append (res, section);

	section = R_NEW0 (RBinSection);
	section->name = strdup (".text");
	section->paddr = hdroff;
	section->vsize = (dh->blocks_in_file * 512) + (dh->bytes_in_last_block);
	section->size = section->vsize;
	section->size = R_MIN (filesize - hdroff, section->size); // enforce file size boundaries
	section->perm = R_PERM_R;
	r_list_append (res, section);

	return res;

err_out:
	R_LOG_ERROR ("alloc (RBinSection)");
	r_list_free (res);

	return NULL;
}

struct r_bin_mz_reloc_t *r_bin_mz_get_relocs (const struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *bin) {
	int i, j;
	const int num_relocs = bin->dos_header->num_relocs;
	const MZ_image_relocation_entry *const rel_entry = bin->relocation_entries;

	struct r_bin_mz_reloc_t *relocs = calloc (num_relocs + 1, sizeof (*relocs));
	if (!relocs) {
		R_LOG_ERROR ("calloc (struct r_bin_mz_reloc_t)");
		return NULL;
	}
	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < num_relocs; i++) {
		relocs[j].vaddr = r_bin_mz_va_to_la (rel_entry[i].segment,
			rel_entry[i].offset);
		relocs[j].paddr = r_bin_mz_la_to_pa (bin, relocs[j].vaddr);

		/* Add only relocations which resides inside dos executable */
		if (relocs[j].vaddr < bin->load_module_size) {
			j++;
		}
	}
	relocs[j].last = 1;

	return relocs;
}

void *r_bin_mz_free (struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *bin) {
	if (!bin) {
		return NULL;
	}
	free ((void *)bin->dos_header);
	free ((void *)bin->dos_extended_header);
	free ((void *)bin->relocation_entries);
	r_unref (bin->b);
	bin->b = NULL;
	free (bin);
	return NULL;
}

static int r_bin_mz_init_hdr(struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *bin) {
	int relocations_size, dos_file_size;
	MZ_image_dos_header *mz = R_NEW0 (MZ_image_dos_header);
	bin->dos_header = mz;

	ut8 raw[sizeof (*mz)];
	if (r_buf_read_at (bin->b, 0, raw, sizeof (raw)) == -1) {
		R_LOG_ERROR ("read (MZ_image_dos_header)");
		return false;
	}
	mz->signature = r_read_le16 (&raw[0]);
	mz->bytes_in_last_block = r_read_le16 (&raw[2]);
	mz->blocks_in_file = r_read_le16 (&raw[4]);
	mz->num_relocs = r_read_le16 (&raw[6]);
	mz->header_paragraphs = r_read_le16 (&raw[8]);
	mz->min_extra_paragraphs = r_read_le16 (&raw[10]);
	mz->max_extra_paragraphs = r_read_le16 (&raw[12]);
	mz->ss = r_read_le16 (&raw[14]);
	mz->sp = r_read_le16 (&raw[16]);
	mz->checksum = r_read_le16 (&raw[18]);
	mz->ip = r_read_le16 (&raw[20]);
	mz->cs = r_read_le16 (&raw[22]);
	mz->reloc_table_offset = r_read_le16 (&raw[24]);
	mz->overlay_number = r_read_le16 (&raw[26]);

	if (mz->blocks_in_file < 1) {
		return false;
	}
	if (mz->bytes_in_last_block == 0) {
		// last block is full
		dos_file_size = mz->blocks_in_file << 9;
	} else {
		// last block is partially full
		dos_file_size = ((mz->blocks_in_file - 1) << 9) +
			mz->bytes_in_last_block;
	}

	if (dos_file_size > bin->size) {
		// Old DOS files e.g. QuickBasic-compiled programs will declare
		// a bigger size than the size on disk. Trim it.
		dos_file_size = bin->size;
	}
	bin->dos_file_size = dos_file_size;
	// eprintf ("ii %d %d\n", dos_file_size , (mz->header_paragraphs << 4));
	if (dos_file_size < (mz->header_paragraphs << 4)) {
		bin->load_module_size = dos_file_size;
	} else {
		bin->load_module_size = dos_file_size - (mz->header_paragraphs << 4);
	}
	relocations_size = mz->num_relocs * sizeof (MZ_image_relocation_entry);
	if ((mz->reloc_table_offset + relocations_size) > bin->size) {
		return false;
	}

	sdb_num_set (bin->kv, "mz.initial.cs", mz->cs, 0);
	sdb_num_set (bin->kv, "mz.initial.ip", mz->ip, 0);
	sdb_num_set (bin->kv, "mz.initial.ss", mz->ss, 0);
	sdb_num_set (bin->kv, "mz.initial.sp", mz->sp, 0);
	sdb_num_set (bin->kv, "mz.overlay_number", mz->overlay_number, 0);
	sdb_num_set (bin->kv, "mz.dos_header.offset", 0, 0);
	sdb_set (bin->kv, "mz.dos_header.format", "[2]zwwwwwwwwwwwww"
						  " signature bytes_in_last_block blocks_in_file num_relocs "
						  " header_paragraphs min_extra_paragraphs max_extra_paragraphs "
						  " ss sp checksum ip cs reloc_table_offset overlay_number ",
		0);

	bin->dos_extended_header_size = mz->reloc_table_offset -
		sizeof (MZ_image_dos_header);

	if (bin->dos_extended_header_size > 0) {
		if (!(bin->dos_extended_header =
				    malloc (bin->dos_extended_header_size))) {
			r_sys_perror ("malloc (dos extended header)");
			return false;
		}
		if (r_buf_read_at (bin->b, sizeof (MZ_image_dos_header),
			    (ut8 *)bin->dos_extended_header,
			    bin->dos_extended_header_size) == -1) {
			R_LOG_ERROR ("read (dos extended header)");
			return false;
		}
	}

	if (relocations_size > 0) {
		if (!(bin->relocation_entries = malloc (relocations_size))) {
			r_sys_perror ("malloc (dos relocation entries)");
			return false;
		}
		if (r_buf_read_at (bin->b, bin->dos_header->reloc_table_offset,
			    (ut8 *)bin->relocation_entries, relocations_size) == -1) {
			R_LOG_ERROR ("read (dos relocation entries)");
			R_FREE (bin->relocation_entries);
			return false;
		}
	}
	return true;
}

static bool r_bin_mz_init(struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *bin) {
	bin->dos_header = NULL;
	bin->dos_extended_header = NULL;
	bin->relocation_entries = NULL;
	bin->kv = sdb_new0 ();
	if (!r_bin_mz_init_hdr (bin)) {
		R_LOG_WARN ("File is not MZ");
		return false;
	}
	return true;
}

struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *r_bin_mz_new (const char *file) {
	struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *bin = R_NEW0 (struct r_bin_mz_obj_t);
	bin->file = file;
	size_t binsz;
	ut8 *buf = (ut8*)r_file_slurp (file, &binsz);
	bin->size = binsz;
	if (!buf) {
		return r_bin_mz_free (bin);
	}
	bin->b = r_buf_new ();
	if (!r_buf_set_bytes (bin->b, buf, bin->size)) {
		free ((void *)buf);
		return r_bin_mz_free (bin);
	}
	free ((void *)buf);
	if (!r_bin_mz_init (bin)) {
		return r_bin_mz_free (bin);
	}
	return bin;
}

struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *r_bin_mz_new_buf(RBuffer *buf) {
	struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *bin = R_NEW0 (struct r_bin_mz_obj_t);
	bin->b = r_buf_new_with_buf (buf);
	if (!bin->b) {
		return r_bin_mz_free (bin);
	}
	bin->size = r_buf_size (buf);
	return r_bin_mz_init (bin)? bin: r_bin_mz_free (bin);
}

RBinAddr *r_bin_mz_get_main_vaddr (struct r_bin_mz_obj_t *bin) {
	int n;
	ut8 b[512];
	if (!bin || !bin->b) {
		return NULL;
	}
	RBinAddr *entry = r_bin_mz_get_entrypoint (bin);
	if (!entry) {
		return NULL;
	}
	ZERO_FILL (b);
	if (r_buf_read_at (bin->b, entry->paddr, b, sizeof (b)) < 0) {
		R_LOG_WARN ("Cannot read entry at 0x%16" PFMT64x, (ut64)entry->paddr);
		free (entry);
		return NULL;
	}
	// MSVC
	if (b[0] == 0xb4 && b[1] == 0x30) {
		// ff 36 XX XX			push	XXXX
		// ff 36 XX XX			push	argv
		// ff 36 XX XX			push	argc
		// 9a XX XX XX XX		lcall	_main
		// 50				push	ax
		for (n = 0; n < sizeof (b) - 18; n++) {
			if (b[n] == 0xff && b[n + 4] == 0xff && b[n + 8] == 0xff && b[n + 12] == 0x9a && b[n + 17] == 0x50) {
				const ut16 call_addr = r_read_ble16 (b + n + 13, 0);
				const ut16 call_seg = r_read_ble16 (b + n + 15, 0);
				entry->vaddr = r_bin_mz_va_to_la (call_seg, call_addr);
				entry->paddr = r_bin_mz_la_to_pa (bin, entry->vaddr);
				return entry;
			}
		}
	}

	R_FREE (entry);
	return NULL;
}
