## ----global_settings, echo = FALSE, message = FALSE-----------------------------------------------
library(markdown)
options(markdown.HTML.options = c(options('markdown.HTML.options')[[1]], "toc"))

library(knitr)
knitr::opts_chunk$set(
    error = FALSE,
    tidy  = FALSE,
    message = FALSE,
    fig.align = "center",
    fig.width = 5,
    fig.height = 5)
options(markdown.HTML.stylesheet = "custom.css")

options(width = 100)

## ----data-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
library(ComplexHeatmap)
library(circlize)

set.seed(123)

mat = cbind(rbind(matrix(rnorm(16, -1), 4), matrix(rnorm(32, 1), 8)),
            rbind(matrix(rnorm(24, 1), 4), matrix(rnorm(48, -1), 8)))

# permute the rows and columns
mat = mat[sample(nrow(mat), nrow(mat)), sample(ncol(mat), ncol(mat))]

rownames(mat) = paste0("R", 1:12)
colnames(mat) = paste0("C", 1:10)

## ----default--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat)

## ----color_fun------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
mat2 = mat
mat2[1, 1] = 100000
Heatmap(mat2, col = colorRamp2(c(-3, 0, 3), c("green", "white", "red")), 
    cluster_rows = FALSE, cluster_columns = FALSE)

## ----color_vector---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, col = rev(rainbow(10)))

## ----discrete_matrix------------------------------------------------------------------------------
discrete_mat = matrix(sample(1:4, 100, replace = TRUE), 10, 10)
colors = structure(circlize::rand_color(4), names = c("1", "2", "3", "4"))
Heatmap(discrete_mat, col = colors)

## ----discrete_character_matrix--------------------------------------------------------------------
discrete_mat = matrix(sample(letters[1:4], 100, replace = TRUE), 10, 10)
colors = structure(circlize::rand_color(4), names = letters[1:4])
Heatmap(discrete_mat, col = colors)

## ----na_value-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
mat_with_na = mat
mat_with_na[sample(c(TRUE, FALSE), nrow(mat)*ncol(mat), replace = TRUE, prob = c(1, 9))] = NA
Heatmap(mat_with_na, na_col = "orange", clustering_distance_rows = "pearson")

## ---- fig.width = 10------------------------------------------------------------------------------
f1 = colorRamp2(seq(min(mat), max(mat), length = 3), c("blue", "#EEEEEE", "red"))
f2 = colorRamp2(seq(min(mat), max(mat), length = 3), c("blue", "#EEEEEE", "red"), space = "RGB")
Heatmap(mat, col = f1, column_title = "LAB color space") +
Heatmap(mat, col = f2, column_title = "RGB color space")

## ---- fig.width = 14, fig.height = 14/5, echo = FALSE, message = FALSE----------------------------
suppressPackageStartupMessages(library(HilbertCurve))
space = c("RGB", "LAB", "XYZ", "sRGB", "LUV")
pushViewport(viewport(layout = grid.layout(nr = 1, nc = length(space))))
for(i in seq_along(space)) {
    pushViewport(viewport(layout.pos.row = 1, layout.pos.col = i))
    hc = HilbertCurve(1, 100, level = 4, newpage = FALSE, title = space[i])
    ir = IRanges(start = 1:99, end = 2:100)
    f = colorRamp2(c(-1, 0, 1), c("green", "black", "red"), space = space[i])
    col = f(seq(-1, 1, length = 100))
    hc_points(hc, ir, np = 3, gp = gpar(col = col, fill = col))
    upViewport()
}
upViewport()
grid.newpage()
pushViewport(viewport(layout = grid.layout(nr = 1, nc = length(space))))
for(i in seq_along(space)) {
    pushViewport(viewport(layout.pos.row = 1, layout.pos.col = i))
    hc = HilbertCurve(1, 100, level = 4, newpage = FALSE, title = space[i])
    ir = IRanges(start = 1:99, end = 2:100)
    f = colorRamp2(c(-1, 0, 1), c("blue", "white", "red"), space = space[i])
    col = f(seq(-1, 1, length = 100))
    hc_points(hc, ir, np = 3, gp = gpar(col = col, fill = col))
    upViewport()
}
upViewport()


## ----with_matrix_name-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo")

## ----heatmap_legend_title-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, heatmap_legend_param = list(title = "legend"))

## ----row_column_title-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", column_title = "I am a column title", 
    row_title = "I am a row title")
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", column_title = "I am a column title at the bottom", 
    column_title_side = "bottom")
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", column_title = "I am a big column title", 
    column_title_gp = gpar(fontsize = 20, fontface = "bold"))

## ----title_rotation-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", row_title = "row title", row_title_rot = 0)

## ----cluster_basic--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", cluster_rows = FALSE)
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", show_column_dend = FALSE)
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", row_dend_side = "right")
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", column_dend_height = unit(2, "cm"))

## ----cluster_distance-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", clustering_distance_rows = "pearson")
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", clustering_distance_rows = function(m) dist(m))
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", clustering_distance_rows = function(x, y) 1 - cor(x, y))

## ----cluster_distance_advanced--------------------------------------------------------------------
mat_with_outliers = mat
for(i in  1:10) mat_with_outliers[i, i] = 1000
robust_dist = function(x, y) {
    qx = quantile(x, c(0.1, 0.9))
    qy = quantile(y, c(0.1, 0.9))
    l = x > qx[1] & x < qx[2] & y > qy[1] & y < qy[2]
    x = x[l]
    y = y[l]
    sqrt(sum((x - y)^2))
}
Heatmap(mat_with_outliers, name = "foo", 
    col = colorRamp2(c(-3, 0, 3), c("green", "white", "red")),
    clustering_distance_rows = robust_dist,
    clustering_distance_columns = robust_dist)

## ----cluster_character_matrix---------------------------------------------------------------------
mat_letters = matrix(sample(letters[1:4], 100, replace = TRUE), 10)
# distance in th ASCII table
dist_letters = function(x, y) {
    x = strtoi(charToRaw(paste(x, collapse = "")), base = 16)
    y = strtoi(charToRaw(paste(y, collapse = "")), base = 16)
    sqrt(sum((x - y)^2))
}
Heatmap(mat_letters, name = "foo", col = structure(2:5, names = letters[1:4]),
    clustering_distance_rows = dist_letters, clustering_distance_columns = dist_letters,
    cell_fun = function(j, i, x, y, w, h, col) {
        grid.text(mat_letters[i, j], x, y)
    })

## ----cluster_method-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", clustering_method_rows = "single")

## ----cluster_object-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
library(cluster)
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", cluster_rows = as.dendrogram(diana(mat)),
   cluster_columns = as.dendrogram(agnes(t(mat))))

## ----cluster_dendsort, fig.width = 14-------------------------------------------------------------
pushViewport(viewport(layout = grid.layout(nr = 1, nc = 3)))
pushViewport(viewport(layout.pos.row = 1, layout.pos.col = 1))
draw(Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", row_dend_reorder = FALSE, column_title = "no reordering"), newpage = FALSE)
upViewport()

pushViewport(viewport(layout.pos.row = 1, layout.pos.col = 2))
draw(Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", row_dend_reorder = TRUE, column_title = "applied reordering"), newpage = FALSE)
upViewport()

library(dendsort)
dend = dendsort(hclust(dist(mat)))
pushViewport(viewport(layout.pos.row = 1, layout.pos.col = 3))
draw(Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", cluster_rows = dend, row_dend_reorder = FALSE, 
    column_title = "reordering by dendsort"), newpage = FALSE)
upViewport(2)

## ----cluster_dendextend---------------------------------------------------------------------------
library(dendextend)
dend = hclust(dist(mat))
dend = color_branches(dend, k = 2)
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", cluster_rows = dend)

## ----cluster_function-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", cluster_rows = function(m) as.dendrogram(diana(m)),
    cluster_columns = function(m) as.dendrogram(agnes(m)))

## -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# code not run when building the vignette
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", cluster_rows = function(m) fastcluster::hclust(dist(m)),
    cluster_columns = function(m) fastcluster::hclust(dist(m))) # for column cluster, m will be automatically transposed

## -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# code not run when building the vignette
ht_global_opt(fast_hclust = TRUE)
# now hclust from fastcluster package is used in all heatmaps
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo")

## ----manual_order---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", cluster_rows = FALSE, cluster_columns = FALSE, 
    row_order = 12:1, column_order = 10:1)

## ----dimension_name-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", row_names_side = "left", row_dend_side = "right", 
    column_names_side = "top", column_dend_side = "bottom")
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", show_row_names = FALSE)
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", row_names_gp = gpar(fontsize = 20))
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", row_names_gp = gpar(col = c(rep("red", 4), rep("blue", 8))))

## ----k_means--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", km = 2)

## ----split----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", split = rep(c("A", "B"), 6))
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", split = data.frame(rep(c("A", "B"), 6), rep(c("C", "D"), each = 6)))
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", split = data.frame(rep(c("A", "B"), 6), rep(c("C", "D"), each = 6)), 
    combined_name_fun = function(x) paste(x, collapse = "\n"))
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", km = 2, split = factor(rep(c("A", "B"), 6), levels = c("B", "A")), 
    combined_name_fun = function(x) paste(x, collapse = "\n"))
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", km = 2, split = rep(c("A", "B"), 6), combined_name_fun = NULL)

## ----pam------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pa = pam(mat, k = 3)
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", split = paste0("pam", pa$clustering))

## ----split_row_order------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", row_order = 12:1, cluster_rows = FALSE, km = 2)

## ----split_gap------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", split = paste0("pam", pa$clustering), gap = unit(5, "mm"))

## ----split_discrete_matrix------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(discrete_mat, name = "foo", col = 1:4,
    split = rep(letters[1:2], each = 5))

## ----split_graphical_parameter--------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", km = 2, row_title_gp = gpar(col = c("red", "blue"), font = 1:2),
    row_names_gp = gpar(col = c("green", "orange"), fontsize = c(10, 14)))

## ----split_dendrogram-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
dend = hclust(dist(mat))
dend = color_branches(dend, k = 2)
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", cluster_rows = dend, split = 2)

## -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", split = 2)

## ----rect_gp--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", rect_gp = gpar(col = "green", lty = 2, lwd = 2))

## -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "foo", cell_fun = function(j, i, x, y, width, height, fill) {
    grid.text(sprintf("%.1f", mat[i, j]), x, y, gp = gpar(fontsize = 10))
})

## ----cell_fun, fig.width = 6.5, fig.height = 6----------------------------------------------------
cor_mat = cor(mat)
od = hclust(dist(cor_mat))$order
cor_mat = cor_mat[od, od]
nm = rownames(cor_mat)
col_fun = circlize::colorRamp2(c(-1, 0, 1), c("green", "white", "red"))
# `col = col_fun` here is used to generate the legend
Heatmap(cor_mat, name = "correlation", col = col_fun, rect_gp = gpar(type = "none"), 
    cell_fun = function(j, i, x, y, width, height, fill) {
        grid.rect(x = x, y = y, width = width, height = height, gp = gpar(col = "grey", fill = NA))
        if(i == j) {
            grid.text(nm[i], x = x, y = y)
        } else if(i > j) {
            grid.circle(x = x, y = y, r = abs(cor_mat[i, j])/2 * min(unit.c(width, height)), 
                gp = gpar(fill = col_fun(cor_mat[i, j]), col = NA))
        } else {
            grid.text(sprintf("%.1f", cor_mat[i, j]), x, y, gp = gpar(fontsize = 8))
        }
    }, cluster_rows = FALSE, cluster_columns = FALSE,
    show_row_names = FALSE, show_column_names = FALSE)

## -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
str = "B[cp];W[pq];B[dc];W[qd];B[eq];W[od];B[de];W[jc];B[qk];W[qn]
;B[qh];W[ck];B[ci];W[cn];B[hc];W[je];B[jq];W[df];B[ee];W[cf]
;B[ei];W[bc];B[ce];W[be];B[bd];W[cd];B[bf];W[ad];B[bg];W[cc]
;B[eb];W[db];B[ec];W[lq];B[nq];W[jp];B[iq];W[kq];B[pp];W[op]
;B[po];W[oq];B[rp];W[ql];B[oo];W[no];B[pl];W[pm];B[np];W[qq]
;B[om];W[ol];B[pk];W[qp];B[on];W[rm];B[mo];W[nr];B[rl];W[rk]
;B[qm];W[dp];B[dq];W[ql];B[or];W[mp];B[nn];W[mq];B[qm];W[bp]
;B[co];W[ql];B[no];W[pr];B[qm];W[dd];B[pn];W[ed];B[bo];W[eg]
;B[ef];W[dg];B[ge];W[gh];B[gf];W[gg];B[ek];W[ig];B[fd];W[en]
;B[bn];W[ip];B[dm];W[ff];B[cb];W[fe];B[hp];W[ho];B[hq];W[el]
;B[dl];W[fk];B[ej];W[fp];B[go];W[hn];B[fo];W[em];B[dn];W[eo]
;B[gp];W[ib];B[gc];W[pg];B[qg];W[ng];B[qc];W[re];B[pf];W[of]
;B[rc];W[ob];B[ph];W[qo];B[rn];W[mi];B[og];W[oe];B[qe];W[rd]
;B[rf];W[pd];B[gm];W[gl];B[fm];W[fl];B[lj];W[mj];B[lk];W[ro]
;B[hl];W[hk];B[ik];W[dk];B[bi];W[di];B[dj];W[dh];B[hj];W[gj]
;B[li];W[lh];B[kh];W[lg];B[jn];W[do];B[cl];W[ij];B[gk];W[bl]
;B[cm];W[hk];B[jk];W[lo];B[hi];W[hm];B[gk];W[bm];B[cn];W[hk]
;B[il];W[cq];B[bq];W[ii];B[sm];W[jo];B[kn];W[fq];B[ep];W[cj]
;B[bk];W[er];B[cr];W[gr];B[gk];W[fj];B[ko];W[kp];B[hr];W[jr]
;B[nh];W[mh];B[mk];W[bb];B[da];W[jh];B[ic];W[id];B[hb];W[jb]
;B[oj];W[fn];B[fs];W[fr];B[gs];W[es];B[hs];W[gn];B[kr];W[is]
;B[dr];W[fi];B[bj];W[hd];B[gd];W[ln];B[lm];W[oi];B[oh];W[ni]
;B[pi];W[ki];B[kj];W[ji];B[so];W[rq];B[if];W[jf];B[hh];W[hf]
;B[he];W[ie];B[hg];W[ba];B[ca];W[sp];B[im];W[sn];B[rm];W[pe]
;B[qf];W[if];B[hk];W[nj];B[nk];W[lr];B[mn];W[af];B[ag];W[ch]
;B[bh];W[lp];B[ia];W[ja];B[ha];W[sf];B[sg];W[se];B[eh];W[fh]
;B[in];W[ih];B[ae];W[so];B[af]"

## -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
str = gsub("\\n", "", str)
step = strsplit(str, ";")[[1]]
type = gsub("(B|W).*", "\\1", step)
row = gsub("(B|W)\\[(.).\\]", "\\2", step)
column = gsub("(B|W)\\[.(.)\\]", "\\2", step)

mat = matrix(nrow = 19, ncol = 19)
rownames(mat) = letters[1:19]
colnames(mat) = letters[1:19]
for(i in seq_along(row)) {
    mat[row[i], column[i]] = type[i]
}
mat

## ---- fig.width = 8, fig.height = 8---------------------------------------------------------------
Heatmap(mat, name = "go", rect_gp = gpar(type = "none"),
    cell_fun = function(j, i, x, y, w, h, col) {
        grid.rect(x, y, w, h, gp = gpar(fill = "#dcb35c", col = NA))
        if(i == 1) {
            grid.segments(x, y-h*0.5, x, y)
        } else if(i == nrow(mat)) {
            grid.segments(x, y, x, y+h*0.5)
        } else {
            grid.segments(x, y-h*0.5, x, y+h*0.5)
        }
        if(j == 1) {
            grid.segments(x, y, x+w*0.5, y)        
        } else if(j == ncol(mat)) {
            grid.segments(x-w*0.5, y, x, y)
        } else {
            grid.segments(x-w*0.5, y, x+w*0.5, y)
        }

        if(i %in% c(4, 10, 16) & j %in% c(4, 10, 16)) {
            grid.points(x, y, pch = 16, size = unit(2, "mm"))
        }
                
        r = min(unit.c(w, h))*0.45
        if(is.na(mat[i, j])) {
        } else if(mat[i, j] == "W") {
            grid.circle(x, y, r, gp = gpar(fill = "white", col = "white"))
        } else if(mat[i, j] == "B") {
            grid.circle(x, y, r, gp = gpar(fill = "black", col = "black"))
        }
    },
    col = c("B" = "black", "W" = "white"),
    show_row_names = FALSE, show_column_names = FALSE,
    column_title = "One famous GO game",
    heatmap_legend_param = list(title = "Player", at = c("B", "W"), 
        labels = c("player1", "player2"), grid_border = "black")
)

## -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sessionInfo()