# Scan Examples

#### 2021-10-15

# Introduction

Isoreader supports several dual inlet IRMS data formats. This vignette shows some of the functionality for scan data files. For additional information on operations more generally (caching, combining read files, data export, etc.), please consult the operations vignette. For details on downstream data processing and visualization, see the isoprocessor package.

Note: this vignette is still a work in progress.

    # load isoreader package
    library(isoreader)

# Reading files

Reading scan files is as simple as passing one or multiple file or folder paths to the `iso_read_scan()` function. If folders are provided, any files that have a recognized scan file extensions within those folders will be processed (e.g. all `.scn`). Here we read several files that are bundled with the package as examples (and whose paths can be retrieved using the `iso_get_reader_example()` function).

    # all available examples
    iso_get_reader_examples() %>% knitr::kable()

filename | type | software | description
--- | --- | --- | ---
continuous_flow_example.cf | continuous flow | Isodat | Continuous Flow file format (older)
continuous_flow_example.dxf | continuous flow | Isodat | Continuous Flow file format (newer)
continuous_flow_example.iarc | continuous flow | ionOS | Continuous Flow data archive
dual_inlet_example.caf | dual inlet | Isodat | Dual Inlet file format (older)
dual_inlet_example.did | dual inlet | Isodat | Dual Inlet file format (newer)
dual_inlet_nu_example.txt | dual inlet | Nu | Dual Inlet file format
background_scan_example.scn | scan | Isodat | Scan file format
full_scan_example.scn | scan | Isodat | Scan file format
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | scan | Isodat | Scan file format
time_scan_example.scn | scan | Isodat | Scan file format

    # read scan examples
    scan_files <-
      iso_read_scan(
        iso_get_reader_example("peak_shape_scan_example.scn"),
        iso_get_reader_example("background_scan_example.scn"),
        iso_get_reader_example("full_scan_example.scn"),
        iso_get_reader_example("time_scan_example.scn")
      )
    #> Info: preparing to read 4 data files...
    #> Info: reading file 'peak_shape_scan_example.scn' with '.scn' reader...
    #> Info: reading file 'background_scan_example.scn' with '.scn' reader...
    #> Info: reading file 'full_scan_example.scn' with '.scn' reader...
    #> Info: reading file 'time_scan_example.scn' with '.scn' reader...
    #> Info: finished reading 4 files in 0.55 secs

# File summary

The `scan_files` variable now contains a set of isoreader objects, one for each file. Take a look at what information was retrieved from the files using the `iso_get_data_summary()` function.

    scan_files %>% iso_get_data_summary() %>% knitr::kable()
    #> Info: aggregating data summary from 4 data file(s)

file_id | raw_data | file_info | method_info | file_path
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 220 measurements, 3 ions (44,45,46) | 8 entries | resistors | peak_shape_scan_example.scn
background_scan_example.scn | 525 measurements, 7 ions (44,45,46,47,54,48,49) | 8 entries | resistors | background_scan_example.scn
full_scan_example.scn | 799 measurements, 3 channels (2,4,6) | 8 entries | resistors | full_scan_example.scn
time_scan_example.scn | 5532 measurements, 2 ions (38,40) | 8 entries | resistors | time_scan_example.scn

## Problems

In case there was any trouble with reading any of the files, the following functions provide an overview summary as well as details of all errors and warnings, respectively. The examples here contain no errors but if you run into any unexpected file read problems, please file a bug report in the isoreader issue tracker.

    scan_files %>% iso_get_problems_summary() %>% knitr::kable()

file_id | error | warning
--- | --- | ---

    scan_files %>% iso_get_problems() %>% knitr::kable()

file_id | type | func | details
--- | --- | --- | ---

# File Information

Detailed file information can be aggregated for all isofiles using the `iso_get_file_info()` function which supports the full select syntax of the dplyr package to specify which columns are of interest (by default, all file information is retrieved).

    # all file information
    scan_files %>% iso_get_file_info(select = c(-file_root)) %>% knitr::kable()
    #> Info: aggregating file info from 4 data file(s), selecting info columns 'c(-file_root)'

file_id | file_path | file_subpath | file_datetime | file_size | type | comment
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | peak_shape_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 36411 | High Voltage | test this comment feature
background_scan_example.scn | background_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 62303 | High Voltage | NA
full_scan_example.scn | full_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 57551 | MagnetCurrent | NA
time_scan_example.scn | time_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 140550 | Clock | NA

## Select/Rename

File information can also be modified across an entire collection of isofiles using the `iso_select_file_info()` and `iso_rename_file_info()` functions:

    # select + rename specific file info columns
    scan_files2 <- scan_files %>%
      iso_select_file_info(-file_root) %>%
      iso_rename_file_info(`Date & Time` = file_datetime)
    #> Info: selecting/renaming the following file info across 4 data file(s): '-file_root'
    #> Info: renaming the following file info across 4 data file(s): 'file_datetime'->'Date & Time'

    # fetch all file info
    scan_files2 %>% iso_get_file_info() %>% knitr::kable()
    #> Info: aggregating file info from 4 data file(s)

file_id | file_path | file_subpath | Date & Time | file_size | type | comment
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | peak_shape_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 36411 | High Voltage | test this comment feature
background_scan_example.scn | background_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 62303 | High Voltage | NA
full_scan_example.scn | full_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 57551 | MagnetCurrent | NA
time_scan_example.scn | time_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 140550 | Clock | NA

## Filter

Any collection of isofiles can also be filtered based on the available file information using the function `iso_filter_files`. This function can operate on any column available in the file information and supports full dplyr syntax.

    # find files that have 'CIT' in the new ID field
    scan_files2 %>%
      iso_filter_files(type == "High Voltage") %>%
      iso_get_file_info() %>%
      knitr::kable()
    #> Info: applying file filter, keeping 2 of 4 files
    #> Info: aggregating file info from 2 data file(s)

file_id | file_path | file_subpath | Date & Time | file_size | type | comment
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | peak_shape_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 36411 | High Voltage | test this comment feature
background_scan_example.scn | background_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 62303 | High Voltage | NA

## Mutate

The file information in any collection of isofiles can also be mutated using the function `iso_mutate_file_info`. This function can introduce new columns and operate on any existing columns available in the file information (even if it does not exist in all files) and supports full dplyr syntax.

    scan_files3 <- scan_files2 %>%
      iso_mutate_file_info(
        # introduce new column
        `Run in 2019?` = `Date & Time` > "2019-01-01" & `Date & Time` < "2020-01-01"
      )
    #> Info: mutating file info for 4 data file(s)

    scan_files3 %>%
      iso_get_file_info() %>%
      knitr::kable()
    #> Info: aggregating file info from 4 data file(s)

file_id | file_path | file_subpath | Date & Time | file_size | type | comment | Run in 2019?
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | peak_shape_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 36411 | High Voltage | test this comment feature | FALSE
background_scan_example.scn | background_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 62303 | High Voltage | NA | FALSE
full_scan_example.scn | full_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 57551 | MagnetCurrent | NA | FALSE
time_scan_example.scn | time_scan_example.scn | NA | 2021-10-15 13:35:43 | 140550 | Clock | NA | FALSE

# Resistors

Additionally, some IRMS data files contain resistor information that are useful for downstream calculations (see e.g. section on signal conversion later in this vignette):

    scan_files %>% iso_get_resistors() %>% knitr::kable()
    #> Info: aggregating resistors info from 4 data file(s)

file_id | cup | R.Ohm | mass
--- | --- | --- | ---
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 3 | 3e+08 | 44
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 4 | 3e+10 | 45
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 6 | 1e+11 | 46
background_scan_example.scn | 1 | 3e+08 | 44
background_scan_example.scn | 2 | 3e+10 | 45
background_scan_example.scn | 3 | 1e+11 | 46
background_scan_example.scn | 4 | 1e+13 | 47
background_scan_example.scn | 6 | 1e+13 | 54
background_scan_example.scn | 7 | 1e+13 | 48
background_scan_example.scn | 8 | 1e+13 | 49
full_scan_example.scn | 2 | 3e+08 | NA
full_scan_example.scn | 4 | 3e+10 | NA
full_scan_example.scn | 6 | 1e+11 | NA
time_scan_example.scn | 2 | 3e+08 | 38
time_scan_example.scn | 4 | 3e+10 | 40

# Raw Data

The raw data read from the scan files can be retrieved similarly using the `iso_get_raw_data()` function. Most data aggregation functions also allow for inclusion of file information using the `include_file_info` parameter, which functions identically to the `select` parameter of the `iso_get_file_info` function discussed earlier.

    # get raw data with default selections (all raw data, no additional file info)
    scan_files %>% iso_get_raw_data() %>% head(n=10) %>% knitr::kable()
    #> Info: aggregating raw data from 4 data file(s)

file_id | step | x | x_units | v44.mV | v45.mV | v46.mV | v47.mV | v54.mV | v48.mV | v49.mV | vC2.mV | vC4.mV | vC6.mV | v38.mV | v40.mV
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 61600 | 9.399710 | KV | -1.650841 | 0.5759007 | 0.2701459 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 61603 | 9.400167 | KV | -1.639444 | 0.5949929 | 0.3998433 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 61606 | 9.400624 | KV | -1.631846 | 0.6140866 | 0.3197281 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 61609 | 9.401081 | KV | -1.612849 | 0.6293626 | 0.3006569 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 61612 | 9.401538 | KV | -1.605250 | 0.6026302 | 0.3120995 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 61615 | 9.401995 | KV | -1.609050 | 0.6522784 | 0.3616900 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 61618 | 9.402452 | KV | -1.586252 | 0.7158523 | 0.3578750 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 61621 | 9.402909 | KV | -1.571052 | 0.7272921 | 0.2587052 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 61624 | 9.403366 | KV | -1.563451 | 0.7959418 | 0.3197281 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | 61627 | 9.403823 | KV | -1.555851 | 0.7730565 | 0.3197281 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA

    # get specific raw data and add some file information
    scan_files %>%
      iso_get_raw_data(
        # select just time and the two ions
        select = c(x, x_units, v44.mV, v45.mV),
        # include the scan type and rename the column
        include_file_info = c(`Scan Type` = type)
      ) %>%
      # look at first few records only
      head(n=10) %>% knitr::kable()
    #> Info: aggregating raw data from 4 data file(s), selecting data columns 'c(x, x_units, v44.mV, v45.mV)', including file info 'c(`Scan Type` = type)'

file_id | Scan Type | x | x_units | v44.mV | v45.mV
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | High Voltage | 9.399710 | KV | -1.650841 | 0.5759007
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | High Voltage | 9.400167 | KV | -1.639444 | 0.5949929
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | High Voltage | 9.400624 | KV | -1.631846 | 0.6140866
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | High Voltage | 9.401081 | KV | -1.612849 | 0.6293626
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | High Voltage | 9.401538 | KV | -1.605250 | 0.6026302
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | High Voltage | 9.401995 | KV | -1.609050 | 0.6522784
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | High Voltage | 9.402452 | KV | -1.586252 | 0.7158523
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | High Voltage | 9.402909 | KV | -1.571052 | 0.7272921
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | High Voltage | 9.403366 | KV | -1.563451 | 0.7959418
peak_shape_scan_example.scn | High Voltage | 9.403823 | KV | -1.555851 | 0.7730565

# For expert users: retrieving all data

For users familiar with the nested data frames from the tidyverse (particularly tidyr’s `nest` and `unnest`), there is an easy way to retrieve all data from the iso file objects in a single nested data frame:

    all_data <- scan_files %>% iso_get_all_data()
    #> Info: aggregating all data from 4 data file(s)
    # not printed out because this data frame is very big

# Saving collections

Saving entire collections of isofiles for retrieval at a later point is easily done using the `iso_save` function which stores collections or individual isoreader file objects in the efficient R data storage format `.rds` (if not specified, the extension `.scan.rds` will be automatically appended). These saved collections can be conveniently read back using the same `iso_read_scan` command used for raw data files.

    # export to R data archive
    scan_files %>% iso_save("scan_files_export.scan.rds")
    #> Info: exporting data from 4 iso_files into R Data Storage 'scan_files_export.scan.rds'

    # read back the exported R data storage
    iso_read_scan("scan_files_export.scan.rds")
    #> Info: preparing to read 1 data files...
    #> Info: reading file 'scan_files_export.scan.rds' with '.scan.rds' reader...
    #> Info: loaded 4 data files from R Data Storage
    #> Info: finished reading 1 files in 0.07 secs
    #> Data from 4 scan iso files:
    #> # A tibble: 4 × 5
    #>   file_id                     raw_data        file_info method_info file_path
    #>   <chr>                       <glue>          <chr>     <chr>       <chr>
    #> 1 peak_shape_scan_example.scn 220 measuremen… 8 entries resistors   peak_shape_…
    #> 2 background_scan_example.scn 525 measuremen… 8 entries resistors   background_…
    #> 3 full_scan_example.scn       799 measuremen… 8 entries resistors   full_scan_e…
    #> 4 time_scan_example.scn       5532 measureme… 8 entries resistors   time_scan_e…

# Data Export

At the moment, isoreader supports export of all data to Excel and the Feather file format (a Python/R cross-over format). Note that both export methods have similar syntax and append the appropriate file extension for each type of export file (`.scan.xlsx` and `.scan.feather`, respectively).

    # export to excel
    scan_files %>% iso_export_to_excel("scan_files_export")

    # data sheets available in the exported data file:
    readxl::excel_sheets("scan_files_export.scan.xlsx")

    # export to feather
    scan_files %>% iso_export_to_feather("scan_files_export")

    # exported feather files
    list.files(pattern = ".scan.feather")