# Rank and Social Hierarchy for Gregarious Animals

#### Julia P S Valente, Matheus Deniz, Karolini T de Sousa

##Description

The “socialh” package is a set of functions developed to facilitate the establishment of the rank and social hierarchy for gregarious animals by the Si method developed by Kondo & Hurnik (1990). It is also possible to determine the number of agonistic interactions between two individuals, sociometric and dyadics matrix from dataset obtained through electronic bins.

##Function description

Function | Description
--- | ---
`replacement` | Identify replacements between actor and reactor from electronic bins data.
`smatrix` | Build a square matrix contained dyadic frequency of dominance-related behaviors.
`dmatrix` | Determine the Sij dyadic dominance relationship from a sociomatrix.
`dvalue` | Determine the dominance value, social rank and hierarchy from Sij dyadic.
`landau_index` | Calculate the linearity index developed by Landau (1951).
`devries_index` | Calculate the linearity index improved by de Vries (1995).

##Application

    #First, install and load the socialh R package
    install.packages(socialh)
    library(socialh)

    #Load the dataset
    exemple.data <- read.csv(behaviour_data.csv)

    # Apply the replacement(x, sec) function to create a data table with actor and reactor and save as an object to use later.
    replace <- replacement (exemple.data, 14)
    head(replace)

    #Use the smatrix() function to create sociometrix by a replacemente data table and save as an object to use later.
    social <- smatrix (replace)
    head(social)

    #            actor
    #  reactor   2164251 2164252 2164255 2164259 2164261 2164263
    #  2164251      0      32      62      17      37      23
    #  2164252     43       0      10      19       8      14
    #  2164255     56      12       0       7      26      16
    #  2164259     15       5      10       0       3      10
    #  2164261     34       9      37       6       0      15
    #  2164263     26      16      16      11       8       0

    #Apply the dmatrix()function to transform the sociometrix in a dyadic matrix and save as an object to use later.
    dyadic <- dmatrix (social)
    head(dyadic)

    #            actor
    #  reactor   2164251 2164252 2164255 2164259 2164261 2164263
    #  2164251       0      -1       1       1       1      -1
    #  2164252       1       0      -1       1      -1      -1
    #  2164255      -1       1       0      -1      -1       0
    #  2164259      -1      -1       1       0      -1      -1
    #  2164261      -1       1       1       1       0       1
    #  2164263       1       1       0       1      -1       0

    #Employ the dvalue()function to determine dominance value, social rank and social hierarchy by a dyadic matrix.
    dominance <- dvalue (dyadic)
    head(dominance)
    #   dominance_value animal_id social_hierarchy social_rank
    #1:       -46        2164494     subordinate     lower
    #2:       -37        2164490     subordinate     lower
    #3:       -36        2164482     subordinate     lower
    #4:       -30        2164477     subordinate     lower
    #5:       -28        2164265     subordinate     lower
    #6:       -27        2164529     subordinate     lower
    tail(dominance)
    #   dominance_value animal_id social_hierarchy social_rank
    #1:        23        2164285     dominant        high
    #2:        26        2164381     dominant        high
    #3:        27        2164332     dominant        high
    #4:        29        2164308     dominant        high
    #5:        30        2164267     dominant        high
    #6:        35        2164321     dominant        high

    #Apply the landau_index()function to determine the linearity index by a dyadic matrix.
    landau <- landau_index (dyadic)
    print(landau)
    #[1] 0.1743385

    #Apply the devries_index()function to determine the improved linearity index by a dyadic matrix and a sociomatrix.
    devries <- landau_index (dyadic, social)
    print(devries)
    #[1] 0.1754908