# Tools for Spatial Data

## Documentation for package ‘fields’ version 17.1

- DESCRIPTION file.

## Help Pages

A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y misc

fields-package | fields - tools for spatial data

## -- A --

add.image | Adds an image to an existing plot.
addColorBarTriangle | Draws an image plot with a legend strip for the color scale based on either a regular grid or a grid of quadrilaterals.
addLegend | Draws an image plot with a legend strip for the color scale based on either a regular grid or a grid of quadrilaterals.
addToDiagC | Information objects that register C and FORTRAN functions.
approximateCovariance2D | Utilities for fast spatial prediction.
arrow.plot | Adds arrows to a plot
as.image | Creates image from irregular x,y,z
as.surface | Creates an "surface" object from grid values.
augmentPredictionGrid | Utilities for fast spatial prediction.
average.image | Some simple functions for subsetting images

## -- B --

BD | Data frame of the effect of buffer compositions on DNA strand displacement amplification. A 4-d regression data set with with replication. This is a useful test data set for exercising function fitting methods.
boxplotVGram | Traditional or robust variogram methods for spatial data
bplot | boxplot
bplot.xy | Boxplots for conditional distribution
bubblePlot | Useful plots for visualizing irregular spatial data.

## -- C --

ChicagoO3 | Data set of ozone measurements at 20 Chicago monitoring stations.
circulantEmbedding | Efficiently Simulates a Stationary 1 and 2D Gaussian random fields
circulantEmbeddingSetup | Efficiently Simulates a Stationary 1 and 2D Gaussian random fields
CO.elev | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.elevGrid | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.Grid | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.id | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.loc | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.names | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.ppt | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.ppt.MAM | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.ppt.MAM.climate | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.tmax | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.tmax.MAM | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.tmax.MAM.climate | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.tmean.MAM.climate | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.tmin | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.tmin.MAM | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.tmin.MAM.climate | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO.years | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
CO2 | Simulated global CO2 observations
CO2.true | Simulated global CO2 observations
coef.Krig | Kriging surface estimate
color.scale | Some useful color tables for images and tools to handle them.
colorBar | Draws an image plot with a legend strip for the color scale based on either a regular grid or a grid of quadrilaterals.
colorbar.plot | Adds color scale strips to an existing plot.
COmonthlyMet | Monthly surface meterology for Colorado 1895-1997
compactToMat | Convert Matrix from Compact Vector to Standard Form
compactToMatC | Information objects that register C and FORTRAN functions.
confidenceIntervalMLE | Estimates a spatial process model.
cover.design | Computes Space-Filling "Coverage" designs using Swapping Algorithm
crop.image | Some simple functions for subsetting images
crossCoVGram | Traditional or robust variogram methods for spatial data
cubic.cov | Exponential family, radial basis functions,cubic spline, compactly supported Wendland family, stationary covariances and non-stationary covariances.

## -- D --

designer.colors | Some useful color tables for images and tools to handle them.
discretize.image | Some simple functions for working with gridded data and the grid format (grid.list) used in fields.
distMatHaversin | Information objects that register C and FORTRAN functions.
distMatHaversin2 | Information objects that register C and FORTRAN functions.
divMap | Draws an image plot with a legend strip for the color scale based on either a regular grid or a grid of quadrilaterals.
drape.color | Perspective plot draped with colors in the facets.
drape.plot | Perspective plot draped with colors in the facets.

## -- E --

envelopePlot | Add a shaded the region between two functions to an existing plot
Exp.cov | Exponential family, radial basis functions,cubic spline, compactly supported Wendland family, stationary covariances and non-stationary covariances.
Exp.image.cov | Exponential, Matern and general covariance functions for 2-d gridded locations.
Exp.simple.cov | Exponential family, radial basis functions,cubic spline, compactly supported Wendland family, stationary covariances and non-stationary covariances.
Exponential | Covariance functions
ExponentialUpper | Evaluate covariance over upper triangle of distance matrix
ExponentialUpperC | Information objects that register C and FORTRAN functions.

## -- F --

fastTps | Thin plate spline regression
fields | fields - tools for spatial data
fields.color.picker | fields - graphics hints
fields.convert.grid | Some simple functions for working with gridded data and the grid format (grid.list) used in fields.
fields.D | Wendland family of covariance functions and supporting numerical functions
fields.derivative.poly | Fields supporting functions
fields.duplicated.matrix | Fields supporting functions
fields.evlpoly | Fields supporting functions
fields.evlpoly2 | Fields supporting functions
fields.hints | fields - graphics hints
fields.mkpoly | Fields supporting functions
fields.pochdown | Wendland family of covariance functions and supporting numerical functions
fields.pochup | Wendland family of covariance functions and supporting numerical functions
fields.rdist.near | Euclidean distance matrix or vector
fields.style | fields - graphics hints
fields.tests | Testing fields functions
fields.x.to.grid | Some simple functions for working with gridded data and the grid format (grid.list) used in fields.
fieldsPlotColors | Some useful color tables for images and tools to handle them.
fillGrid | Fast bilinear interpolator from a grid.
findGridBox | Utilities for fast spatial prediction.
fitted.Krig | Kriging surface estimate
flame | Response surface experiment ionizing a reagent

## -- G --

gcv.sreg | Finds profile likelihood and GCV estimates of smoothing parameters for splines and Kriging.
get.rectangle | Some simple functions for subsetting images
getVGMean | Traditional or robust variogram methods for spatial data
glacier | Franke's Glacier Elevation Data
grid list | Some simple functions for working with gridded data and the grid format (grid.list) used in fields.
grid.list | Some simple functions for working with gridded data and the grid format (grid.list) used in fields.

## -- H --

half.image | Some simple functions for subsetting images

## -- I --

image.plot | Draws an image plot with a legend strip for the color scale based on either a regular grid or a grid of quadrilaterals.
image.smooth | Kernel smoother for irregular 2-d data
image2lz | Some simple functions for subsetting images
imagePlot | Draws an image plot with a legend strip for the color scale based on either a regular grid or a grid of quadrilaterals.
in.land.grid | Plot of the world
in.poly | Some simple functions for subsetting images
in.poly.grid | Some simple functions for subsetting images
interp.surface | Fast bilinear interpolator from a grid.
interp.surface.FFT | Fast bilinear interpolator from a grid.
interp.surface.grid | Fast bilinear interpolator from a grid.

## -- K --

Krig | Kriging surface estimate
Krig.Amatrix | Smoother (or "hat") matrix relating predicted values to the dependent (Y) values.
Krig.check.xY | Basic linear algebra utilities and other computations supporting the Krig function.
Krig.coef | Basic linear algebra utilities and other computations supporting the Krig function.
Krig.engine.default | Basic linear algebra utilities and other computations supporting the Krig function.
Krig.engine.fixed | Basic linear algebra utilities and other computations supporting the Krig function.
Krig.make.u | Basic linear algebra utilities and other computations supporting the Krig function.
Krig.make.W | Basic linear algebra utilities and other computations supporting the Krig function.
Krig.make.Wi | Basic linear algebra utilities and other computations supporting the Krig function.
Krig.null.function | Default function to create fixed matrix part of spatial process model.
Krig.replicates | Collapse repeated spatial locations into unique locations
Krig.transform.xY | Basic linear algebra utilities and other computations supporting the Krig function.
KrigFindLambda | Finds profile likelihood and GCV estimates of smoothing parameters for splines and Kriging.

## -- L --

larry.colors | Some useful color tables for images and tools to handle them.
lennon | Gray image of John Lennon.
LENSExample | Surface temperature sensitivity from the NCAR Climate model.

## -- M --

make.surface.grid | Some simple functions for working with gridded data and the grid format (grid.list) used in fields.
makeMultiIndex | Some simple functions for working with gridded data and the grid format (grid.list) used in fields.
Matern | Covariance functions
Matern.cor.to.range | Covariance functions
matern.image.cov | Exponential, Matern and general covariance functions for 2-d gridded locations.
Mines.colors | Some useful color tables for images and tools to handle them.
minitri | Mini triathlon results
mKrig | "micro Krig" Spatial process estimate of a curve or surface, "kriging" with a known covariance function.
mKrig.coef | "micro Krig" Spatial process estimate of a curve or surface, "kriging" with a known covariance function.
mKrig.grid | Using MKrig for predicting on a grid.
mKrig.trace | "micro Krig" Spatial process estimate of a curve or surface, "kriging" with a known covariance function.
mKrigCheckXY | "micro Krig" Spatial process estimate of a curve or surface, "kriging" with a known covariance function.
mKrigFastPredict | Evaluates a fitted function or the prediction error as a surface that is suitable for plotting with the image, persp, or contour functions.
mKrigFastPredictSetup | Utilities for fast spatial prediction.
mKrigJointTemp.fn | Maximizes likelihood for the process marginal variance (sigma) and nugget standard deviation (tau) parameters (e.g. lambda) over a many covariance models or covariance parameter values.
mKrigMLEGrid | Maximizes likelihood for the process marginal variance (sigma) and nugget standard deviation (tau) parameters (e.g. lambda) over a many covariance models or covariance parameter values.
mKrigMLEJoint | Maximizes likelihood for the process marginal variance (sigma) and nugget standard deviation (tau) parameters (e.g. lambda) over a many covariance models or covariance parameter values.
mltdrb | Information objects that register C and FORTRAN functions.
multebC | Information objects that register C and FORTRAN functions.
multwendlandg | Information objects that register C and FORTRAN functions.

## -- N --

NorthAmericanRainfall | Observed North American summer precipitation from the historical climate network.
NorthAmericanRainfall2 | Observed North American summer precipitation from the historical climate network.

## -- O --

offGridWeights | Utilities for fast spatial prediction.
offGridWeights1D | Utilities for fast spatial prediction.
offGridWeights2D | Utilities for fast spatial prediction.
ozone | Data set of ozone measurements at 20 Chicago monitoring stations.
ozone2 | Daily 8-hour ozone averages for sites in the Midwest

## -- P --

Paciorek.cov | Exponential family, radial basis functions,cubic spline, compactly supported Wendland family, stationary covariances and non-stationary covariances.
parse.grid.list | Some simple functions for working with gridded data and the grid format (grid.list) used in fields.
plot.Krig | Diagnostic and summary plots of a Kriging, spatialProcess or spline object.
plot.spatialProcess | Estimates a spatial process model.
plot.sreg | Diagnostic and summary plots of a Kriging, spatialProcess or spline object.
plot.surface | Plots a surface
plot.vgram | Traditional or robust variogram methods for spatial data
plot.vgram.matrix | Computes a variogram from an image
plotMatrix | Draws an image plot with a legend strip for the color scale based on either a regular grid or a grid of quadrilaterals.
poly.image | Image plot for cells that are irregular quadrilaterals.
poly.image.regrid | Image plot for cells that are irregular quadrilaterals.
predict.fastTps | Evaluation of Krig spatial process estimate.
predict.Krig | Evaluation of Krig spatial process estimate.
predict.mKrig | "micro Krig" Spatial process estimate of a curve or surface, "kriging" with a known covariance function.
predict.sreg | Cubic smoothing spline regression
predict.Tps | Evaluation of Krig spatial process estimate.
predictDerivative.Krig | Evaluation of Krig spatial process estimate.
predictSE | Standard errors of predictions for Krig spatial process estimate
predictSE.Krig | Standard errors of predictions for Krig spatial process estimate
predictSE.mKrig | Standard errors of predictions for Krig spatial process estimate
predictSEUsingKrigA | Standard errors of predictions for Krig spatial process estimate
predictSurface | Evaluates a fitted function or the prediction error as a surface that is suitable for plotting with the image, persp, or contour functions.
predictSurface.default | Evaluates a fitted function or the prediction error as a surface that is suitable for plotting with the image, persp, or contour functions.
predictSurface.fastTps | Evaluates a fitted function or the prediction error as a surface that is suitable for plotting with the image, persp, or contour functions.
predictSurface.Krig | Evaluates a fitted function or the prediction error as a surface that is suitable for plotting with the image, persp, or contour functions.
predictSurface.mKrig | Evaluates a fitted function or the prediction error as a surface that is suitable for plotting with the image, persp, or contour functions.
predictSurfaceSE | Evaluates a fitted function or the prediction error as a surface that is suitable for plotting with the image, persp, or contour functions.
predictSurfaceSE.default | Evaluates a fitted function or the prediction error as a surface that is suitable for plotting with the image, persp, or contour functions.
print.Krig | Print kriging fit results.
print.mKrig | "micro Krig" Spatial process estimate of a curve or surface, "kriging" with a known covariance function.
print.mKrigSummary | "micro Krig" Spatial process estimate of a curve or surface, "kriging" with a known covariance function.
print.spatialProcess | Estimates a spatial process model.
print.spatialProcessSummary | Estimates a spatial process model.
PRISMelevation | Monthly total precipitation (mm) for August 1997 in the Rocky Mountain Region and some gridded 4km elevation data sets (m).
profileCI | Maximizes likelihood for the process marginal variance (sigma) and nugget standard deviation (tau) parameters (e.g. lambda) over a many covariance models or covariance parameter values.
profileMLE | Estimates a spatial process model.
pushpin | Adds a "push pin" to an existing 3-d plot

## -- Q --

QSreg | Robust and Quantile smoothing using a thin-plate spline
qsreg | Quantile or Robust spline regression
QTps | Robust and Quantile smoothing using a thin-plate spline
quilt.plot | Useful plots for visualizing irregular spatial data.

## -- R --

Rad.cov | Exponential family, radial basis functions,cubic spline, compactly supported Wendland family, stationary covariances and non-stationary covariances.
Rad.image.cov | Exponential, Matern and general covariance functions for 2-d gridded locations.
Rad.simple.cov | Exponential family, radial basis functions,cubic spline, compactly supported Wendland family, stationary covariances and non-stationary covariances.
RadialBasis | Covariance functions
rat.diet | Experiment studying an appetite supressant in rats.
RCMexample | 3-hour precipitation fields from a regional climate model
rdist | Euclidean distance matrix or vector
rdist.earth | Great circle distance matrix or vector
rdist.earth.vec | Great circle distance matrix or vector
rdist.vec | Euclidean distance matrix or vector
RdistC | Information objects that register C and FORTRAN functions.
RdistEarth | Great circle distance matrix or vector
resid.Krig | Kriging surface estimate
ribbon.plot | Adds to an existing plot, a ribbon of color, based on values from a color scale, along a sequence of line segments.
RMelevation | Monthly total precipitation (mm) for August 1997 in the Rocky Mountain Region and some gridded 4km elevation data sets (m).
RMprecip | Monthly total precipitation (mm) for August 1997 in the Rocky Mountain Region and some gridded 4km elevation data sets (m).

## -- S --

set.panel | Specify a panel of plots
setup.image.smooth | Kernel smoother for irregular 2-d data
setupLegend | Draws an image plot with a legend strip for the color scale based on either a regular grid or a grid of quadrilaterals.
sim.Krig | Unconditional and conditional simulation of a spatial process
sim.rf | Efficiently Simulates a Stationary 1 and 2D Gaussian random fields
sim.spatialProcess | Unconditional and conditional simulation of a spatial process
simLocal.spatialProcess | Unconditional and conditional simulation of a spatial process
simSpatialData | Unconditional and conditional simulation of a spatial process
smooth.2d | Kernel smoother for irregular 2-d data
snow.colors | Some useful color tables for images and tools to handle them.
spam2full | Conversion of formats for sparse matrices
spam2spind | Conversion of formats for sparse matrices
spatialProcess | Estimates a spatial process model.
spatialProcessSetDefaults | Estimates a spatial process model.
spind2full | Conversion of formats for sparse matrices
spind2spam | Conversion of formats for sparse matrices
splint | Cubic spline interpolation
sreg | Cubic smoothing spline regression
stationary.cov | Exponential family, radial basis functions,cubic spline, compactly supported Wendland family, stationary covariances and non-stationary covariances.
stationary.image.cov | Exponential, Matern and general covariance functions for 2-d gridded locations.
stationary.taper.cov | Exponential family, radial basis functions,cubic spline, compactly supported Wendland family, stationary covariances and non-stationary covariances.
stationaryImageCov | Exponential, Matern and general covariance functions for 2-d gridded locations.
stats | Calculate summary statistics
stats.bin | Bins data and finds some summary statistics.
summary.Krig | Summary for Krig or spatialProcess estimated models.
summary.mKrig | "micro Krig" Spatial process estimate of a curve or surface, "kriging" with a known covariance function.
summary.ncdf | Summarizes a netCDF file handle
summary.spatialProcess | Estimates a spatial process model.
supportsArg | Tests if function supports a given argument
surface.Krig | Plots a surface and contours
surface.mKrig | Plots a surface and contours

## -- T --

test.for.zero | Testing fields functions
tim.colors | Some useful color tables for images and tools to handle them.
Tps | Thin plate spline regression
Tps.cov | Exponential family, radial basis functions,cubic spline, compactly supported Wendland family, stationary covariances and non-stationary covariances.
transformx | Linear transformation
two.colors | Some useful color tables for images and tools to handle them.

## -- U --

unrollZGrid | Some simple functions for working with gridded data and the grid format (grid.list) used in fields.
US | Plot of the US with state boundaries
US.dat | Outline of coterminous US and states.

## -- V --

vgram | Traditional or robust variogram methods for spatial data
vgram.matrix | Computes a variogram from an image

## -- W --

Wendland | Wendland family of covariance functions and supporting numerical functions
Wendland.beta | Wendland family of covariance functions and supporting numerical functions
wendland.cov | Exponential family, radial basis functions,cubic spline, compactly supported Wendland family, stationary covariances and non-stationary covariances.
wendland.eval | Wendland family of covariance functions and supporting numerical functions
wendland.image.cov | Exponential, Matern and general covariance functions for 2-d gridded locations.
Wendland2.2 | Wendland family of covariance functions and supporting numerical functions
which.max.image | Some simple functions for subsetting images
which.max.matrix | Some simple functions for subsetting images
world | Plot of the world
world.color | Plot of the world
world.land | Plot of the world
WorldBankCO2 | Carbon emissions and demographic covariables by country for 1999.

## -- X --

xline | Draw a vertical line

## -- Y --

yline | Draw horizontal lines

## -- misc --

%d*% | Basic linear algebra utilities and other computations supporting the Krig function.